Role of Nonhost Environments in the Lifestyles of Salmonella and Escherichia coli

By M. Winfield, E. Groisman. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2003

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Environmental Escherichia coli: ecology and public health implications—a review (2017, background): “coli was thought not to survive well outside of the host, as it was unable to replicate in the environments (Winfield and Groisman 2003).”
Factors influencing the microbial safety of fresh produce: a review. (2012, background): “Salmonella spp. in general are better survivors outside animal hosts and in insect vectors than E. coli O157:H7, and are more resistant to desiccation and exposure to brackish aquatic environments than E. coli (Winfield and Groisman, 2003).”
Resistance and survival strategies of Salmonella enterica to environmental stresses (2012, background): “These variations may be related to particular environmental adaptations these bacteria developed as they evolved (Winfield & Groisman, 2003).”
Incidence and role of Salmonella in seafood safety (2012, background): “In China, Yan et al. (2010) described Salmonella serovars from seafood resistant to various categories of antibiotics such as betalactams, aminoglycosides, nitrofurans, sulfonamides, quinolones and fluoroquinolones, also showingmultiresistance patterns to between 2 to 10 or more drugs.”