Universals and specifics in learning strategies: Explaining adolescent mathematics, science, and reading achievement across 34 countries ☆

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How researchers see this paper

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Students’ Sense of Belonging at School in 41 Countries (2016, result): “These results are consistent with past studies showing greater sensitivity to classmates’ behaviors and past achievement in collectivist cultures (Chiu & Chow, 2015; Chiu et al., 2007).”
Epistemic metacognition in context: evaluating and learning online information (2010, background): “A shared issue can be identified in the research which examines the relationship between study approach and its products at different educational levels and domains of understanding: the deeper the former, the more and better the latter ( Chiu et al. 2007; Entwistle 2000; Vermunt and Vermetten 2004”
A cross-cultural investigation on perseverance, self-regulated learning, motivation, and achievement (2019, background): “…on whether Asian students use memorisation more than Westerners with some studies reporting that Asians do not use memorisation any more than non-Asians (e.g. Chiu, Chow, and Mcbride-Chang 2007) and other studies showing a greater reliance on memorisation among Asians (e.g. Purdie and Hattie 1996).”