The Dynamics of the Human Infant Gut Microbiome in Development and in Progression towards Type 1 Diabetes

By A. Kostic, Dirk Gevers, Heli Siljander, Tommi Vatanen, T. Hyötyläinen, A. Hämäläinen, Aleksandr Peet, V. Tillmann, Päivi Pöhö, I. Mattila and 12 more. Cell Host and Microbe, 2015

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SUMMARY Colonization of the fetal and infant gut microbiome results in dynamic changes in diversity, which can impact disease susceptibility. To examine the relationship between human gut microbiome dynamics throughout infancy and type 1 diabetes (T1D), we examined a cohort of 33 infants genetically predisposed to T1D. Modeling trajectories of microbial abundances through infancy revealed a subset of microbial relationships shared across most subjects. Although strain composition of a given species was highly variable between individuals, it was stable within individuals throughout infancy. Metabolic composition and metabolic pathway abundance remained constant across time. A marked drop in alpha-diversity was observed in T1D progressors in the time-window between seroconversion and T1D diagnosis, accompanied by spikes in inflammation-favoring organisms, gene functions, and serum and stool metabolites. This work identifies trends in the development of the human infant gut microbiome along with specific alterations that precede T1D onset and distinguish T1D progressors from non-progressors.

Subfields: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Genetics, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/62279f00d510bff76bf867ded9f308d785362c23

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In Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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In Molecular Biology

Citations in the corpus

The healthy human microbiome (2016, background): “Further, while the composition of the microbiome changes drastically over the first years of life, this functional profile is established early on and remains stable thereafter, at least in the gut [72].”
Natural history of the infant gut microbiome and impact of antibiotic treatments on strain-level diversity and stability (2015, background): “Several longitudinal studies have focused on pediatric conditions, including malnutrition (21, 22), type 1 diabetes (23), and asthma (24).”
Antibiotics, birth mode, and diet shape microbiome maturation during early life (2016, background): “Butyrate synthesis could explain how Lachnospiraceae induce T regulatory cells, suppressing colitis and allergic diarrhea inmice (38), and is consistent with protective associations against type 1 diabetes development in infants (39).”
Indoleacrylic Acid Produced by Commensal Peptostreptococcus Species Suppresses Inflammation. (2017, background): “…including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (Gevers et al., 2014), intestinal cancers (Kostic et al., 2013), obesity (Turnbaugh et al., 2009), diabetes (Kostic et al., 2015; Vatanen et al., 2016), Parkinson’s disease (Samp- Ce son et al., 2016), and rheumatoid arthritis (Zhang et al., 2015).”
The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota (2017, background): “In this regard, pioneering investigations by Kostic and coworkers reported different microbial patterns in the fecal microbiota of infants who later developed T1D compared with those who did not progress to diabetes (345).”
Mother-to-Infant Microbial Transmission from Different Body Sites Shapes the Developing Infant Gut Microbiome (2018, background): “innocuum, and Lactobacillus crispatus are not typically associated with the infant fecal microbiome, never being found to constitute more than 1% abundance in any of the three metagenomic datasets (Backhed et al., 2015; Kostic et al., 2015; Vatanen et al., 2016) available for infants in curatedMetag”
Mining the human gut microbiota for immunomodulatory organisms (2017, neutral): “A common approach has been to perform microbiome-wide association studies to search for correlations between particular microbes and particular disease conditions (Kostic et al., 2015; Gevers et al., 2014; Smith, 2015).”
The gut microbiome: Relationships with disease and opportunities for therapy (2018, background): “In a study of Northern European infants, enrichment of Bacteroides spp., particularly Bacteroides dorei, was observed in the first three years of life in Finnish and Estonian infants, who exhibit a high prevalence of T1DM compared with Russian infants (Vatanen et al., 2016).”