Chapter 4. Lexical Transfer in L3 Production

By Håkan Ringbom. 2001

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What is special about L3 processing?* (2013, background): “However, a study by Ringbom (2001) examining lexical transfer in the L3 English of two groups of L1 Swedish, L2 Finnish and L1 Finnish, L2 Swedish, found both groups to rely more on their Swedish knowledge.”
The influence of language distance and language status on the acquisition of L3 phonology (2010, background): “This is the case of lexis (Cenoz, 2001; De Angelis & Selinker, 2001; Dewaele, 1998; Hammarberg, 2001; Möhle, 1989; Ringbom, 2001; Tremblay, 2006), with syntax receiving increasing attention (Bardel, 2006; Bardel & Falk, 2007; Leung, 2005).”
When Swedes begin to learn German: from V2 to V2 (2006, background): “…In the domain of the lexicon, L1 and L2 transfer to the L3 seems to be the rule rather than the exception in both production and comprehension (e.g. Ringbom, 1987; 2001; Dentler, 2000: 84–93; Hammarberg, 2001) and, similarly, in L3 discourse, entire non-adapted language switches to the L1 and the…”
Transfer of conceptualization patterns in bilinguals: The construal of motion events in Turkish and German* (2010, background): “The following example of semantic transfer in an utterance produced by a Finnish learner of English is helpful to illustrate the difference between semantic and conceptual transfer: “he bit himself in the language” (Ringbom, 2001, p. 64).”