Associations of Depression With C-Reactive Protein, IL-1, and IL-6: A Meta-Analysis

By M. Howren, D. M. Lamkin, Jerry Suls. Psychosomatic Medicine, 2009

2,706 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Behavioral Neuroscience, Biological Psychiatry, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/501bb8776edb174a5f4069d983d6ca4ecbb91c0f

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In Behavioral Neuroscience

In Biological Psychiatry

In Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Citations in the corpus

Polycystic ovary syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis (2011, background): “Depression from PCOS per se (after adjustment for BMI) seems to be unrelated to C-reactive protein or interleukin 6 levels, leukocyte number, or subacute chronic inflammation, despite a meta-analysis of depression in general that found correlations with markers of inflammation”
The Effect of Antidepressant Medication Treatment on Serum Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines: A Meta-Analysis (2011, positive): “In depression, levels of TNFa, IL-6, and IL-1b are elevated (Howren et al, 2009; Dowlati et al, 2010), however, the reasons for this are not understood.”
Understanding the somatic consequences of depression: biological mechanisms and the role of depression symptom profile (2013, result): “[58] confirmed the depression-inflammation association also in larger population samples, many of which used depressive symptom reports and most often studied IL-6 and CRP, a nonspecific acute-phase protein synthesized in the liver in response to cytokine stimulation.”
Interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) are elevated in patients with major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. (2012, background): “On the other hand, Howren et al. demonstrated that there were significant positive relationship between high levels of blood IL-1 and IL6 and severity of depression (Howren et al., 2009).”
Prevalence of low-grade inflammation in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of CRP levels (2019, background): “Meta-analyses of crosssectional studies confirm that mean concentrations of circulating CRP and inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) are higher in patients with acute depression compared with controls (Howren et al., 2009; Dowlati et al., 2010; Haapakoski et al., 2015; Goldsmith et al”
Depression and anxiety in relation to cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies (2019, background): “1, 6; C-reactive protein) [84], resulting in an increased potential for tumorigenesis and poor prognosis [85].”
Evidence for a differential role of HPA-axis function, inflammation and metabolic syndrome in melancholic versus atypical depression (2013, background): “17 Based on meta-analytic work, Howren et al. 3 concluded that body mass index (BMI) may interact with CRP and IL-6 to yield a potential tridirectional relationship between adiposity, inﬂammation and depression.”
Effect of anti-inflammatory treatment on depression, depressive symptoms, and adverse effects: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. (2014, background): “Secondary outcome measures included (1) nonserious adverse effects, (2) depressive symptoms measured on a continuous scale at maximal follow-up, and (3) remission at maximal follow-up.”
Rethinking IL-6 and CRP: Why they are more than inflammatory biomarkers, and why it matters. (2018, positive): “The evidence on immune biomarkers in depression has been synthesized in a number of meta-analyses (Dowlati et al., 2010; Haapakoski et al., 2015; Howren et al., 2009; Köhler et al., 2017).”
Depression and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Activation: A Quantitative Summary of Four Decades of Research (2011, background): “Larger effect sizes among inpatient samples were also reported by reviews of depression and immune function (15,16).”
Inflammation: depression fans the flames and feasts on the heat. (2015, background): “clinical and community samples (3) Limitedavailability in local clinical labs Can be ordered through national”