Pathogenic conversion of Foxp3+ T cells into TH17 cells in autoimmune arthritis

By N. Komatsu, Kazuo Okamoto, S. Sawa, T. Nakashima, M. Oh‐hora, T. Kodama, Sakae Tanaka, J. Bluestone, Hiroshi Takayanagi. Nature Medicine, 2013

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Subfields: Immunology

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Update on the Pathomechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options for Rheumatoid Arthritis (2020, background): “In line with this hypothesis, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs with the potential to convert into pathogenic Th17 cells were shown to accumulate in inflamed synovium [55,56].”
Single-cell Genomics Unveils Critical Regulators of Th17 cell Pathogenicity (2015, positive): “…phenotype in the CNS (Figure 2C), with up-regulation (p<10−3, KS test, Table S4) of: Ifn-γ (Figure 2D), Rankl, (Tnfsf11) (Nakae et al., 2007) (Komatsu et al., 2014), and cell cycle genes (e.g., Geminin, Figure 2D), a strong correlation with a salt-induced pathogenic Th17 cell signature (Wu…”
The Balance of Th17 versus Treg Cells in Autoimmunity (2018, result): “Another study based on a similar approach shows that IL-17-expressing exTreg cells are responsible for inflammation associated with autoimmune arthritis [105].”