The Balance of Th17 versus Treg Cells in Autoimmunity

By G. Lee. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018

773 citations recorded by the source corpus.

T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and pTreg cells, which share a common precursor cell (the naïve CD4 T cell), require a common tumor growth factor (TGF)-β signal for initial differentiation. However, terminally differentiated cells fulfill opposite functions: Th17 cells cause autoimmunity and inflammation, whereas Treg cells inhibit these phenomena and maintain immune homeostasis. Thus, unraveling the mechanisms that affect the Th17/Treg cell balance is critical if we are to better understand autoimmunity and tolerance. Recent studies have identified many factors that influence this balance; these factors range from signaling pathways triggered by T cell receptors, costimulatory receptors, and cytokines, to various metabolic pathways and the intestinal microbiota. This review article summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the Th17/Treg balance and its implications with respect to autoimmune disease.

Subfields: Immunology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/83b7b8d38da2c4da9363e11ec29ea49ffe066b96

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In Immunology

1. Hongbo Hu
2. Zhiqiang Zhang
3. Hui Yu
4. Huiyuan Zhang
5. Liangbin Lin

Citations in the corpus

• Targeting NF-κB pathway for the therapy of diseases: mechanism and clinical study (2020, background): “Treg cells produce immunosuppressive cytokines, such as IL-10 and TGF-β, to inhibit immune responses.(87,90) Similarly, activated naïve CD8 T cells undergo proliferation and differentiation into a variety of effector and memory cell types including Teff (T effector cells), Tscm (T memory stem cells)”