Structured imagination: The role of category structure in exemplar generation.

By Thomas B. Ward. 1994

Subfields: Cognitive Science & Psychology

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Citations in the corpus

What can the brain teach us about building artificial intelligence? (2016, background): “Markman & Makin, 1998), imagination (Jern & Kemp, 2013; Ward, 1994), explanation (Lombrozo, 2009; Williams & Lombrozo, 2010), and composition (Murphy, 1988; Osherson & Smith, 1981).”
The Primal Mark: How the Beginning Shapes the End in the Development of Creative Ideas (2014, methodology): “新規なプライマル・マークから生まれた初期アイデアを親近的な要素で精緻化すると，最終的なアイデアの実用性が高まる 19 Tversky & Hemenway, 1984; Ward, 1994 20 Hargadon & Douglas, 2001; McKinley, Mone, & Moon, 1999 Hypothesis 4.”
Human-level concept learning through probabilistic program induction (2015, background): “1, iv) creating new abstract categories of objects based on existing categories (12, 13).”
Past Success and Creativity over Time: A Study of Inventors in the Hard Disk Drive Industry (2007, background): “Instead of drawing radically different creatures, participants drew figures that conformed to the basic features of earth animals, such as bilateral symmetry (Ward 1994).”
Moderators of the Relationship Between Leadership Style and Employee Creativity: The Role of Task Novelty and Personal Initiative (2013, background): “Second, creativity requires leaving the path of least resistance (Ward, 1994).”
The cognitive underpinnings of creative thought: A latent variable analysis exploring the roles of intelligence and working memory in three creative thinking processes (2013, background): “…spreading activation (Bowers, Farvolden, & Mermigis, 1995), incremental steps in which the problem solver is building upon existing knowledge (Ward, 1994; Weisberg, 1995), unconscious activity that can be disrupted by simultaneously engaging in explicit tasks such as verbalization during the…”
Evocation Processes by Novice and Expert Designers: Towards Stimulating Analogical Thinking (2004, unknown): “Experimental tasks were defined in various areas: to design technical artefacts, such as spill-proof mugs or bicycle racks (Jansson & Smith, 1989, 1991; Purcell & Gero, 1992), to design novel space creatures to inhabit a distant planet, to provide novel ideas for reducing traffic accidents (Marsh, L”
A Missing Piece of the Puzzle: The Organizational Context in Cultural Patterns of Creativity (2010, background): “The tendency to produce accessible exemplars may restrict individuals’ creativity on many tasks (Ward, 1994); therefore, it can be an indication of a lack of creativity.”
The Interplay between Creativity Issues and Design Theories: A New Perspective for Design Management Studies? (2011, unknown): “… 1991) on fixation by recently activated knowledge, recent studies have identified several types of fixations: fixation by the representations of things (Ward 1994), fixation by knowledge that is too “contaminated by the specific goal and …”
Inspiration and fixation: Questions, methods, findings, and challenges (2016, background): “resistance (Ward, 1994) describes the tendency to select the easiest way of solving tasks.”
Creativity.4in1: Four-Criterion Construct of Creativity (2014, background): “In the invented alien creature studies (cf. Ward, 1994), a creature that is constructed using fewer standard categories (invariants) was perceived by the independent raters as more creative.”
Cognitive strategies of analogical reasoning in design: Differences between expert and novice designers (2013, background): “Ward (1998) claims that in inventive analogies a match at the level of goals between a source and a target is the primary factor in source domain selection, since target domain is initially undetermined. Compared to analogical reasoning in other cognitive tasks, target in creative tasks becomes more”