How Much More Likely? The Implications of Odds Ratios for Probabilities

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How to select, calculate, and interpret effect sizes. (2009, background): “A person in the intervention group is 2.5 times more likely to graduate than someone in the control group (Liberman, 2005).”
Incidental vocabulary learning in a natural reading context: an eye-tracking study (2017, unknown): “…Linear −0.053 .016 .001 0.948 Preceding Name (Bibi = 1, Mariam = 0) 0.123 .055 .025 1.131 Random effects by subject Estimate SE p Intercept .077 .024 .001 Residual AR1 Variance .680 .033 <.001 AR1 First-order correlation .099 .035 .005 independent variable (see Liberman, 2005, for further details).”
TIMED AND UNTIMED GRAMMATICALITY JUDGMENTS MEASURE DISTINCT TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE (2015, methodology): “Because logistic regression is performed on a mathematic transformation of the data, results are interpreted in terms of odds and odds ratios ( OR s; see Liberman, 2005 , for further details).”
Determinants of literacy proficiency: a lifelong-lifewide learning perspective☆ (2003, methodology): “The formula used to estimate probabilities associated with odds ratios is as follows: [(p/(1-p)*odds ratio]/[1+(p/(1-p)*odds ratio)], where p is the unadjusted probability (see Liberman, 2005).”