A Toll-like Receptor That Prevents Infection by Uropathogenic Bacteria

By Dekai Zhang, Guolong Zhang, M. Hayden, M. Greenblatt, C. Bussey, R. Flavell, S. Ghosh. Science, 2004

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Aspects of immune dysfunction in end-stage renal disease. (2008, background): “TLR11, the most recently identified member of TLR family, has been found to be capable of preventing urinary tract infections (10,17).”
Innate immunity and neuroinflammation in the CNS: The role of microglia in Toll‐like receptor‐mediated neuronal injury (2009, background): “Finally, TLR11 is the receptor for uropathogenic bacteria and a profilin-like protein derived from the parasite Toxoplasma gondii (Yarovinsky et al., 2005; Zhang et al., 2004).”
Toll-like receptors in innate immunity. (2004, unknown): “TLR11-deﬁcient mice are highly susceptible to uropathogenic bacterial infection.”
Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune responses (2004, background): “Consequently, many TLRs are expressed on the epithelial cells of the intestinal, respiratory and urogenital tract”
The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors (2010, background): “TLR11 is thought to recognize uropathogenic bacterial components, as TLR11-deficient mice are susceptible to infection with these bacteri”
Pathogen recognition and innate immunity. (2006, unknown): “Uropathogenic bacteria are recognized by mouse TLR11, although the specific components that are responsible for this activation have not been identified (Zhang et al., 2004).”