Top spraying soybean meal-based diets with phytase improves protein and mineral digestibilities but not lysine utilization in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)
By J. Vielma, K. Ruohonen, J. Gabaudan, K. Vogel. 2004
128 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Two digestibility trials and two growth trials were carried out to evaluate the influence of top-sprayed phytase on apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of protein and mineral and utilization in rainbow trout fed with soybean meal-based diets. In Trial 1, a semi-purified diet containing 50% soybean meal was supplemented with graded levels of phytase (0, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 U kg−1 diet), and fed to triplicate groups of fish. In Trial 2, commercial-type extruded feeds containing 36% soybean meal with either 0 or 2000 U phytase kg−1 were fed to five replicate groups of fish. Phytase clearly decreased phytic acid content of feces from 35 to 5 mg and from 34 to 14 mg phytic acid per g faecal dry matter in Trials 1 and 2 respectively. Apparent digestibility coefficient of P improved from 23% to 83% in Trial 1 and from 35% to 54% in Trial 2 by phytase. Apparent protein increased by 1.2% and 3.2%-units by phytase in Trials 1 and 2. Zinc digestibility was significantly increased in Trial 1, but not in Trial 2. Trials 3 and 4 were conducted to evaluate the influence of phytase on dietary P (Trial 3) and lysine (Trial 4) utilization. Three diets were prepared for each trial: P (Trial 3)- or lysine (Trial 4)-deficient basal diets, basal diets with phytase supplementation (2000 U kg−1) and P (Trial 3)- or lysine (Trial 4)-fortified diets. Rainbow trout (initial weight 20 g) were fed for 10 weeks using four and six replicates for Trials 3 and 4 respectively. Phytase increased P utilization in Trial 3 as demonstrated by an increase in vertebra ash from 24.1% to 45.4%, and by an increase in weight gain from 243% to 459% of the initial weight. Phytase did not increase lysine utilization, since neither protein retention nor weight gain were enhanced by phytase. Supplemental lysine increased protein retention and weight gain to 43.1% and 514%, respectively, and also decreased whole-body lipid contents significantly from 120 to 123 g kg−1 in fish fed the basal diet and phytase-supplemented diet to 106 g kg−1 in fish fed with lysine-fortified diet.
Subfields: Aquatic Science, Physiology, Plant Science
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/360b7ba3e955425db4e11d85277b4a58ff790b2a
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Citations in the corpus
- Application of microbial phytase in fish feed (2007, background): “Vielma [65] reported that positive effects of supplemented phytase on protein digestibility in in rainbow trout fed with semipurified diet based on soybean meal; however, lysine utilization was not significantly increased.”
- Effects of phytase pretreatment of soybean meal and phytase-sprayed in diets on growth, apparent digestibility coefficient and nutrient excretion of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) (2009, background): “The effect on protein digestibility for fish fed dietary phytase agreed with earlier observations, e.g., with Vielma et al. (2004) .”
- Life cycle assessment of Finnish cultivated rainbow trout (2006, background): “The total amount was 7200 tonnes in 1999 and as much as 15 640 tonnes in 2003 (Vihervuori 2000, 2004).”
- Effects of pretreatment with microbial phytase on phosphorous utilization and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (2008, methodology): “Phytase can be utilized in fish feeds by pretreating feedstuffs (Cain & Garling 1995), or spraying onto pellets (Vielma et al. 2004) to avoid deactivation.”