Mushroom bodies suppress locomotor activity in Drosophila melanogaster.

By Jean-René Martin, R. Ernst, Martin Heisenberg. 1998

Locomotor activity of single, freely walking flies in small tubes is analyzed in the time domain of several hours. To assess the influence of the mushroom bodies on walking activity, three independent noninvasive methods interfering with mushroom body function are applied: chemical ablation of the mushroom body precursor cells; a mutant affecting Kenyon cell differentiation (mushroom body miniature); and the targeted expression of the catalytic subunit of tetanus toxin in subsets of Kenyon cells. All groups of flies with mushroom body defects show an elevated level of total walking activity. This increase is attributable to the slower and less complete attenuation of activity during the experiment. Walking activity in normal and mushroom body-deficient flies is clustered in active phases (bouts) and rest periods (pauses). Neither the initiation nor the internal structure, but solely the termination of bouts seems to be affected by the mushroom body defects. How this finding relates to the well-documented role of the mushroom bodies in olfactory learning and memory remains to be understood.

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

Citations in the corpus

Mushroom body output neurons encode valence and guide memory-based action selection in Drosophila (2014, background): “While the MB processes several modalities of sensory information and regulates locomotion and sleep (Martin et al., 1998; Liu et al., 1999; Joiner et al., 2006; Pitman et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2007; Hong et al., 2008; Vogt et al., 2014), MB function has been most extensively studied in the…”
Molecular architecture of smell and taste in Drosophila. (2007, background): “The MBs are integrative centers controlling various functions such as olfactory learning, other forms of learning (Heisenberg 2003, Davis 2005), locomotor activity (Martin et al. 1998), male courtship behavior (Sakai & Kitamoto 2006), and sleep ( Joiner et al. 2006, Pitman et al. 2006).”
Are mushroom bodies cerebellum-like structures? (2011, background): “…and attention (van Swinderen, 2005; Xi et al., 2008; van Swinderen et al., 2009; van Swinderen and Brembs, 2010; Xiong et al., 2010), and motor control (Martin et al., 1998; Helfrich-Förster et al., 2002; Sakai and Kitamoto, 2006; Moran and Kyriacou, 2009; Serway et al., 2009; Xiong et al., 2010).”
Learning-Related Plasticity in PE1 and Other Mushroom Body-Extrinsic Neurons in the Honeybee Brain (2007, background): “In crickets (Huber, 1978, 1990) and Drosophila (Martin et al., 1998), the mb provides an overall inhibitory effect on behavior (walking, stridulating) because ablating the mb leads to spontaneous motor output or to a perseveration of ongoing motor activity.”
Mushroom bodies regulate habit formation in Drosophila. (2008, unknown): “A commonly used experimental procedure to induce sensorimotor learning in other animals is overtraining [3, 4, 8].”
Activity of Defined Mushroom Body Output Neurons Underlies Learned Olfactory Behavior in Drosophila (2015, unknown): “Blocking themmimics appetitive conditioning, whereas activation induces avoidance behavior.”
A neural circuit mechanism integrating motivational state with memory expression in Drosophila (2009, background): “Given the apparent role of the MB as a locomotor regulator (Huber, 1967; Martin et al., 1998; Pitman et al., 2006; Joiner et al., 2006), MB-MP neurons may also generally promote exploratory behavior.”
Shared mushroom body circuits underlie visual and olfactory memories in Drosophila (2014, unknown): “, 2007), 17D-GAL4 (Martin et al., 1998) and 201y-GAL4 to inactivate selective KC subsets during aversive visual and olfactory conditioning.”
Neuronal assemblies of the Drosophila mushroom body (2008, background): “…preference for an arena, place memory, context-dependent association, odor perception, and experience-dependent nonassociative osmotactic responses (Martin et al., 1998; Mizunami et al., 1998a; Li and Strausfeld, 1999; Liu et al., 1999; McBride et al., 1999; Joiner and Griffith, 1999; Tang and…”
Sequential use of mushroom body neuron subsets during drosophila odor memory processing. (2007, unknown): “Our data taken with that of McGuire et al. (2001) and Isabel et al.”