The differences between branding a country, a region and a city: Applying the Brand Box Model

By Niall Caldwell, João R Freire. 2004

389 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Marketing, Sociology and Political Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/22caf256cf9b1fd077c403e176b9b209296dc1aa

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Marketing

In Sociology and Political Science

Citations in the corpus

The determinants and measurement of a country brand: the country brand strength index (2010, background): “Gertner, 2002), attracting tourism (Caldwell and Freire, 2004; Hall, 2002; Morgan et al., 2002), and attracting foreign direct investments (Wee et al.”
Sustainable Tourism Innovation: Challenging Basic Assumptions (2008, background): “The development of regional brands has not been given much attention in the rural tourism development literature despite the growing emphasis of tourism promotion organisations on the concept of regional or destination branding ( Caldwell and Freire, 2004 ).”
Linking Travel Motivation, Tourist Self-Image and Destination Brand Personality (2007, background): “According to Caldwell and Freire (2004), a brand must fulfill self-expression needs, not just functional ones. With respect to destination marketing, King (2002) emphasises that travel is increasingly more about experiences, fulfilment and rejuvenation than about ‘places and things’. He states that ”
Gaming Destination Images: Implications for Branding (2010, background): “…dimension includes those attributes that are “linked to the individuals self-expression” (Caldwell and Freire 2004, p. 52), while the functional dimension includes those related to the “utilitarian aspects of the destinations—sun, reefs, sky, culture, and so on” (Caldwell and Freire 2004, p. 52).”
Manufacturing competition: how accounting practices shape strategy making in cities (2010, neutral): “In this neoliberal climate, cities start to develop sophisticated strategies and cast themselves as brands (e.g. Flowerdew, 2004; Caldwell and Freire, 2004; Greenberg, 2008) and generally become much more managerialist in their orientation.”
Destination Personality, Affective Image, and Behavioral Intentions in Domestic Urban Tourism (2015, background): “…significantly from nation brands by following more closely trends in the market and fulfilling more self-expressions (Ashworth and Kavaratzis 2007; Caldwell and Freire 2004), it is advisable that future research explores tourist perceptions and behavioral intentions not only by combining…”