Dietary inclusion of crystalline D- and L-methionine: effects on growth, feed and protein utilization, and digestibility in small and large Atlantic salmon (Salmon salar L.)
By Sveier, Nordås, Bergé, Lied. 2001
112 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Use of crystalline methionine to optimize amino acid profiles in feeds for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) was studied in three experiments. A basic experimental diet with 25% of dietary protein from marine origin and the remaining 75% from soya protein concentrate was used either with or without supplementation of L-methionine, D-methionine or DL-methionine. A fishmeal-based diet was used as control. In experiment 1, growth performance of 100 g salmon in seawater was improved by supplementation with the different methionine products. Growth performance was, however, inferior to that of fish fed the control. Feed conversion ratios (FCR) exhibited similar trends to specific growth rate (SGR) with methionine supplementation, but again not as the control. Protein retention, measured as productive protein value (PPV), was significantly better in the control and D-methionine groups as compared with either L-methionine or the nonsupplemented group. These trends were confirmed in experiment 2, using fish of the same size, where an absorption and digestibility study of D- and L-methionine clearly indicated that D-methionine was absorbed as well as L-methionine. Results indicated that racemization of D- into L-methionine occurs in liver and kidney in Atlantic salmon. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in liver was significantly affected by dietary treatment and there was a good correlation with growth and feed utilization data. In experiment 3, a growth study with large salmon (1 kg) was performed using increasing supplementation of DL-methionine to the basic diet. Results indicated a methionine requirement for maximum growth of 9.2 g kg–1 feed dry matter (DM) kg–1 growth. This is slightly higher than that reported in the literature. The present study clearly shows that optimizing the amino acid profile by inclusion of a single crystalline amino acid (crystalline methionine) does not give the same protein utilization as that of a diet in which the amino acids are mainly protein bound. D-methionine was found to result in better protein utilization than L-methionine when measured as PPV.
Subfields: Animal Science and Zoology, Aquatic Science, Immunology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1e8fb61cb568a354456a664294a02dc90aa315c9
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Citations in the corpus
- A review on replacing fish meal in aqua feeds using plant protein sources (2018, background): “…reported in black tiger shrimp (Richard et al., 2011) [39], tilapia (Fontainhas-Fernandes et al., 1999) [69]; Atlantic salmon (Berge et al., 1998; Sveier et al., 2001) [36-37], rainbow trout (Gomes et al., 1995; Adelizi et al., 1998; De Francesco et al., 2004) [30, 9, 37] or due to the results…”
- Growth, feed efficiency and digestibility in salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed different dietary proportions of vegetable protein sources in combination with two fish meal qualities (2004, background): “Amino acid composition in the various diets was similar and potential limiting amino acids were well above the nutrient requirement for lysine (Anderson et al., 1991; Sveier et al., 2001).”
- Dietary methionine requirement for juvenile rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli (2007, background): “…. . . . . . . 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Aquaculture Nutrition 13; 163–169 165 Alam et al. 2001); (2) increased with increasing dietary methionine and decreased when dietary methionine is higher than requirement (Millamena et al. 1996; Akiyama & Arai 1993; Sveier et al. 2001; Zhou et al. 2001).”
- Effects of increasing replacement of dietary fishmeal with plant protein sources on growth performance and body lipid composition of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) (2010, background): “…is crucial, as partial replacement of up to 331 80 % of FM in diets showed no adverse effects on growth of Atlantic salmon (Berge et al., 332 1998; Sveier et al., 2001; Opstvedt et al., 2003; Espe et al., 2006), whereas total replacement 333 of FM by a mixture of PPs lowered the growth…”