FOLLICULAR HELPER T CELLS: LINEAGE AND LOCATION

By N. Fazilleau, L. Mark, L. McHeyzer-Williams, M. McHeyzer-Williams. Immunity, 2009

635 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Follicular helper T (TFH) cells are the class of effector TH cells that regulates the stepwise development of antigen-specific B cell immunity in vivo. Deployment of CXCR5+ TFH cells to B cell zones of lymphoid tissues and stable cognate interactions with B cells are central to the delivery of antigen-specific TFH function. Recent advances help to unravel distinctive elements of developmental programming for TFH cells and unique effector TFH functions focused on antigen-primed B cells. Understanding the regulatory functions of TFH cells in the germinal center and the subsequent regulation of memory B cell responses to antigen recall represent the frontiers of this research area with the potential to alter fundamentally the design of future vaccines.

Subfields: Immunology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/15481cb964d2ed0affa6aabce1dba40a04fb54ec

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Citations in the corpus

Human Blood CXCR5+CD4+ T Cells Are Counterparts of T Follicular Cells and Contain Specific Subsets that Differentially Support Antibody Secretion (2011, background): “Recently, CD4+ T cells present in B cell folli- cles, named T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, have been established as a T helper (Th) cell subset specialized for providing help to B cells in GCs (Fazilleau et al., 2009; King et al., 2008).”
Follicular helper T cells serve as the major CD4 T cell compartment for HIV-1 infection, replication, and production (2013, background): “…et al., 2009) is the primary marker of Tfh cells, whereas other markers, such as CXCR5 (the chemokine receptor for CXCL13), inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS), and PD-1 (Breitfeld et al., 2000; Schaerli et al., 2000; Kim et al., 2001; Fazilleau et al., 2009a), are not exclusive of Tfh cells.”
Expanding roles for CD4+ T cells in immunity to viruses (2012, background): “The generation and functions of T FH cells have been expertly reviewed elsewher”
CD4+T Cells: Differentiation and Functions (2012, background): “Tfh10 through the secretion of IL10, promotes IgA secretion [151].”
CD4⁺ follicular helper T cell infiltration predicts breast cancer survival. (2013, neutral): “SN also reduced expression of CXCR5, the receptor for CXCL13, a chemokine that plays an important role in homing to B cell follicles (36).”
Plasticity of CD4+ T cell lineage differentiation. (2009, background): “Differentiation of these cells requires the cytokine IL-21 (Vogelzang et al., 2008; Nurieva et al., 2008) and may be dependent on the transcription factor Bcl-6 (Fazilleau et al., 2009).”
Inflammatory and immune pathways in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease (2014, background): “expression of the chemokine receptor, chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 5 (24, 50, 211).”
PD-1 regulates germinal center B cell survival and the formation and affinity of long-lived plasma cells (2010, background): “T FH cells from Pdcd1 −/− mice had less mRNA for IL-4 and IL-21, two cytokines secreted by T FH cells that promote GC developmen”