Use of Western and Indigenously Developed Personality Tests in Asia

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Developing and Evaluating the Social Axioms Survey in Eleven Countries (2012, background): “This importation strategy has two major problems: The definition of a construct, while appropriate in the culture of origin, may be problematic in some other cultural contexts, and some items may be inadequate in tapping the construct (Cheung, 2004).”
International handbook of survey methodology. (2008, unknown): “The 2000 version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Diseases, for example, includes localized indicators for depression not present in earlier versions (Cheung, 2004).”
A critical analysis of cross-cultural research and testing practices: Implications for improved education and training in psychology (2009, background): “…may be universal is impressive (McCrae, Terracciano, et al., 2005), work on the Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory (F. M. Cheung et al., 2001) has identified a sixth factor that may be needed to describe its social aspects within the Chinese society (e.g., F. M. Cheung, 2004, 2006).”