Mucosal immunoglobulins and B cells of Teleost fish

By I. Salinas, Yong‐An Zhang, J. Sunyer. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 2011

606 citations recorded by the source corpus.

As physical barriers that separate teleost fish from the external environment, mucosae are also active immunological sites that protect them against exposure to microbes and stressors. In mammals, the sites where antigens are sampled from mucosal surfaces and where stimulation of naive T and B lymphocytes occurs are known as inductive sites and are constituted by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). According to anatomical location, the MALT in teleost fish is subdivided into gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT), and gill-associated lymphoid tissue (GIALT). All MALT contain a variety of leukocytes, including, but not limited to, T cells, B cells, plasma cells, macrophages and granulocytes. Secretory immunoglobulins are produced mainly by plasmablasts and plasma cells, and play key roles in the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis. Until recently, teleost fish B cells were thought to express only two classes of immunoglobulins, IgM and IgD, in which IgM was thought to be the only one responding to pathogens both in systemic and mucosal compartments. However, a third teleost immunoglobulin class, IgT/IgZ, was discovered in 2005, and it has recently been shown to behave as the prevalent immunoglobulin in gut mucosal immune responses. The purpose of this review is to summarise the current knowledge of mucosal immunoglobulins and B cells of fish MALT. Moreover, we attempt to integrate the existing knowledge on both basic and applied research findings on fish mucosal immune responses, with the goal to provide new directions that may facilitate the development of novel vaccination strategies that stimulate not only systemic, but also mucosal immunity.

Subfields: Immunology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0113ee115a3925083752f71e9e76390149de40a7

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In Immunology

1. E. Ringø
2. S. Hoseinifar
3. D. Merrifield
4. S. Davies
5. Zhigang Zhou
6. R. L. Olsen
7. A. Dimitroglou
8. Å. Krogdahl

Citations in the corpus

• Effect of dietary components on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals. A never‐ending story? (2016, methodology): “Aquaculture Nutrition Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in teleost fish is subdivided into gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT) and gill-associated lymphoid tissue (GIALT) (Salinas et al. 2011).”
• Fish Cytokines and Immune Response (2012, background): “Finally, B cells have been much more studied due to the availability of monoclonal antibodies that have been isolated and identi‐ fied by a number of techniques [30, 31].”
• Prebiotics and Fish Immune Response: A Review of Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives (2015, background): “Functions of this system appear to be related with the ability to trap antigens and release IgT and IgM involved in responses against several pathogens (Zhang et al., 2010; Salinas et al., 2011; Xu et al., 2013).”
• An Overview of the Immunological Defenses in Fish Skin (2012, background): “According to anatomical location, the MALT in teleost fish is subdivided into gutassociated lymphoid tissue (GALT), skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT), and gill-associated lymphoid tissue (GIALT) [10].”