Reciprocal effects between adolescent externalizing problems and measures of achievement.

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Reciprocal associations between shyness, self-esteem, loneliness, depression and Internet addiction in Chinese adolescents (2020, background): “In addition, to test the invariant or equivalent of the measurement model across time, we constrained loadings of the same indicators of loneliness and Internet addiction, which was defined as a constrained model (Zimmermann et al. 2013).”