OXIDATIVE STRESS, INSULIN SIGNALING AND DIABETES

By J. Rains, Sushil Kumar Jain. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 2010

1,414 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Oxidative stress has been implicated as a contributor to both the onset and the progression of diabetes and its associated complications. Some of the consequences of an oxidative environment are the development of insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, impaired glucose tolerance, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which can lead ultimately to the diabetic disease state. Experimental and clinical data suggest an inverse association between insulin sensitivity and ROS levels. Oxidative stress can arise from a number of different sources, whether disease state or lifestyle change, including episodes of ketosis, sleep restriction, and excessive nutrient intake. Oxidative stress activates a series of stress pathways involving a family of serine/threonine kinases which in turn have a negative effect on insulin signaling. More experimental evidence is needed to pinpoint the mechanisms contributing to insulin resistance in both type 1 diabetics and non-diabetic individuals. Oxidative stress can be reduced by controlling hyperglycemia and calorie intake. Overall, this review outlines various mechanisms that lead to the development of oxidative stress. Intervention and therapy that alters or disrupts these mechanisms may serve to reduce the risk of insulin resistance and the development of diabetes.

Subfields: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Physiology, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f9aa289bf9fde85408d74287603fb8abaae7d2ea

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

1. Amirhossein Sahebkar
2. Habib Yaribeygi

In Physiology

1. A. Dinkova-Kostova
2. J. Hayes

Citations in the corpus

• Mechanisms of activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 by redox stressors, nutrient cues, and energy status and the pathways through which it attenuates degenerative disease (2015, positive): “Insulin sensitivity is increased in the absence of Nrf2—Many research groups have studied the influence that Nrf2 has on DM because of its prevalence and the role played by oxidative stress in progression of the disease [224].”
• Molecular Mechanisms Linking Oxidative Stress and Diabetes Mellitus (2020, background): “It also upregulates the expression of procytokines and thereby increases the inflammatory mediators at both the mRNA and protein levels [100, 125].”
• Upregulated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2012, background): “A number of studies also have indicated that an altered redox potential and oxidative stress are highly associated with risk factors for type 2 diabetes and its complications (33,34).”
• Insulin resistance: Review of the underlying molecular mechanisms (2018, background): “Oxidative stress plays a prominent role in IR and mitochondria are a major source of free radicals (Rains & Jain, 2011; Sebastian et al., 2012).”