Resting-state functional connectivity in major depression: abnormally increased contributions from subgenual cingulate cortex and thalamus.

By Michael D. Greicius, Benjamin H. Flores, Vinod Menon, Gary H. Glover, H. Solvason, Heather A. Kenna, Allan L. Reiss, A. Schatzberg. Biological Psychiatry, 2007

2,245 citations recorded by the source corpus.

BACKGROUND Positron emission tomography (PET) studies of major depression have revealed resting-state abnormalities in the prefrontal and cingulate cortices. Recently, fMRI has been adapted to examine connectivity within a specific resting-state neural network--the default-mode network--that includes medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. The goal of this study was to examine resting-state, default-mode network functional connectivity in subjects with major depression and in healthy controls. METHODS Twenty-eight subjects with major depression and 20 healthy controls underwent 5-min fMRI scans while resting quietly. Independent component analysis was used to isolate the default-mode network in each subject. Group maps of the default-mode network were compared. A within-group analysis was performed in the depressed group to explore effects of depression refractoriness on functional connectivity. RESULTS Resting-state subgenual cingulate and thalamic functional connectivity with the default-mode network were significantly greater in the depressed subjects. Within the depressed group, the length of the current depressive episode correlated positively with functional connectivity in the subgenual cingulate. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to explore default-mode functional connectivity in major depression. The findings provide cross-modality confirmation of PET studies demonstrating increased thalamic and subgenual cingulate activity in major depression. Further, the within-subject connectivity analysis employed here brings these previously isolated regions of hypermetabolism into the context of a disordered neural network. The correlation between refractoriness and subgenual cingulate functional connectivity within the network suggests that a quantitative, resting-state fMRI measure could be used to guide therapy in individual subjects.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Neurology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f544a821130790d4be642ad4b2ae6da45da5c82e

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Cognitive Neuroscience

In Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

In Neurology

Citations in the corpus

Normalized Cut Group Clustering of Resting-State fMRI Data (2008, background): “It has been recently suggested that resting-state patterns may be affected in Alzheimer’s disease [34,35], depression [36] and schizophrenia [37–42].”
Reduced resting-state brain activity in the "default network" in normal aging. (2008, background): “2007), depression (Greicius et al. 2007), and autism (Kennedy et al.”
Understanding DCM: Ten simple rules for the clinician (2013, neutral): “Furthermore, changes in these measures have been reported with onset of disease and may give rise to biomarkers of neurological and psychiatric disease (Greicius et al., 2007; Zhang and Raichle, 2010).”
Distinct Cerebellar Contributions to Intrinsic Connectivity Networks (2009, methodology): “Group results Network identification Identification of resting-state brain networks for each subject was done in three distinct steps: (1) visual identification of five ICNs from the group-level components in the Paris dataset; (2) creating binary masks of each ICN; (3) using the mask as a template ”
Impact of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Training on Intrinsic Brain Connectivity (2011, background): “These maps contained z-score values that represented the degree of correlation between the voxel signal and the timecourse of the component (Greicius et al., 2007).”
The entropic brain: a theory of conscious states informed by neuroimaging research with psychedelic drugs (2014, background): “…activity and connectivity after psilocybin in brain regions (e.g., the mPFC) and networks (e.g., the DMN) that are over-engaged in depression (Greicius et al., 2007; Berman et al., 2011) but normalized by a range of effective treatments (Goldapple et al., 2004; Mayberg et al., 2005; Kennedy…”
Towards a theory of chronic pain (2008, neutral): “There is a growing literature regarding the role of deactivation in brain function in general (Greicius et al., 2004; Greicius et al., 2007; Greicius and Menon, 2004), showing that in simple tasks it corresponds to resting state activity, and also demonstrating that this activity is reduced or is ab”
Measuring and manipulating brain connectivity with resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) (2012, background): “, 2009), depression (Greicius et al., 2007) and Alzheimer's disease (Greicius et al.”
Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial (2016, background): “…pathological and can be understood as part of the therapeutic process (e.g. working through cancer-related psychological or existential distress through challenging encounters or emotionally charged confrontations with cancer-related fearful imagery or symbolism) (Carbonaro et al., 2016).”
Default mode network activity in schizophrenia studied at resting state using probabilistic ICA. (2012, methodology): “This is contrary to other neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, where resting state analyses have goodness of fit for DMN analyses to actually distinguish patients from controls (Greicius et al., 2004).”
Analyzing Negative Experiences Without Ruminating: The Role of Self-Distancing in Enabling Adaptive Self-Reflection (2010, background): “It is noteworthy that recent work has implicated increased levels of activity in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in clinical depression (e.g., Greicius et al., 2007; Ressler & Mayberg, 2007.”
State-space model with deep learning for functional dynamics estimation in resting-state fMRI (2016, neutral): “…Wang et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2012; Chase, 2014), autism spectrum disorder (Monk et al., 2009; Khan et al., 2013), schizophrenia (Liang et al., 2006; Zhou et al., 2007; Garrity et al., 2007; Lynall et al., 2010), and depression (Anand et al., 2005; Greicius et al., 2007; Craddock et al., 2009).”
Reduced default mode network functional connectivity in patients with recurrent major depressive disorder (2019, neutral): “An early MDD study (7) found that DMN FC was positively correlated with current episode duration but this was not confirmed subsequently (9, 25).”