Impacts of Fishing Low–Trophic Level Species on Marine Ecosystems

By Anthony D. M. Smith, Christopher Brown, C. Bulman, Elizabeth A. Fulton, Penelope Johnson, Isaac C. Kaplan, H. Lozano-Montes, Steven Mackinson, M. Marzloff, L. Shannon and 2 more. Science, 2011

610 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Ecology, Global and Planetary Change

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f512e11563fddc4b877316e5e6c61df8621da401

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Ecology

1. S. Jennings
2. N. Dulvy
3. D. Ainley
4. S. Hill
5. H. Österblom
6. Robert W. Furness
7. J. Pinnegar
8. J. Blanchard

In Global and Planetary Change

1. S. Jennings
2. N. Dulvy
3. M. Peck
4. J. Pinnegar
5. S. Hill
6. Robert W. Furness
7. J. Blanchard
8. C. O’Brien

Citations in the corpus

• Forage fish, their fisheries, and their predators: who drives whom? (2014, background): “Top predators consuming forage fish in the North Sea include piscivorous fish, seabirds, and marine mammals and a range of studies have shown that forage fish can exert bottom-up control on top predators (e.g. Cury et al., 2011; Smith et al., 2011).”
• Spatial management of marine resources can enhance the recovery of predators and avoid local depletion of forage fish (2012, background): “Especially in a wasp-waist type ecosystem like the Baltic Sea, where a few forage fish species dominate the intermediate trophic level, changes in abundance or distribution of these species can have large implications for higher trophic levels (Bakun 2006; Smith et al. 2011).”
• Myctophid Fish (Family Myctophidae) Are Central Consumers in the Food Web of the Scotia Sea (Southern Ocean) (2019, background): “…of energy through Southern Ocean food webs, linking primary consumers, and omnivorous macro-zooplankton to a range of higher marine predators, and they also contribute to the export of carbon from the sea surface to mesopelagic depths through their extensive vertical migrations (Smith, 2011).”
• Environmental conditions and prey-switching by a seabird predator impact juvenile salmon survival (2017, background): “Fully-coupled ecosystem models are gaining traction as decision support tools to evaluate food-web dynamics and trade-offs associated with potential ecosystem management strategies (e.g., Smith et al., 2011; Kaplan et al., 2013).”
• Marine defaunation: Animal loss in the global ocean (2015, background): “Recent reviews have drawn attention to the fact that humans can also intensely and effectively deplete populations of smaller marine animals (29, 33).”
• Multispecies fisheries management and conservation: tactical applications using models of intermediate complexity (2014, neutral): “dependencies (Smith et al. 2011; Tyrrell et al. 2011; Pikitch et al. 2012).”
• Global Seabird Response to Forage Fish Depletion—One-Third for the Birds (2011, background): “model3 <- nls(bird~c+a*(1-exp(-b*prey)), start=list(a=1, b=1, c=0),control=nls_cont) x_prey <- seq(min(prey),max(prey),by=(max(prey)-min(prey))/200) y_bird <- coef(model3)[3]+coef(model3)[1]*(1-exp(-coef(model3)[2]*x_prey)) lines(smooth(y_bird)~x_prey,col=colors[i2], lwd=4) legend_text <- c(legend_t”
• Can marine fisheries and aquaculture meet fish demand from a growing human population in a changing climate (2012, background): “However, a 20% deviation is included, which allows the fishing industry to increase its yearly catch beyond MSY if there is an economic incentive to do so.”
• Aquatic food security: insights into challenges and solutions from an analysis of interactions between fisheries, aquaculture, food safety, human health, fish and human welfare, economy and environment (2016, background): “Fish and fisheries published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd., F I SH and F ISHER IES may also remove low trophic level forage species that support populations of fish predators, marine mammals and birds (Smith et al. 2011).”
• Searching for Solutions in Aquaculture: Charting a Sustainable Course (2012, positive): “On the basis ecosystem model results, Smith et al. (150) suggest that LTL catch volumes have to be reduced by 20% to protect higher most forage fish populations are either fully exploited, overexploited, or recovering from overexploitation (40).”
• Efficient trawl avoidance by mesopelagic fishes causes large underestimation of their biomass (2012, background): “A recent evaluation on the effect of fishing low trophic level species on marine ecosystems concludes that impacts of harvesting mesopelagic fishes would be consistently high across ecosystems (Smith et al. 2011).”
• Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus): a review of life history and key vulnerabilities in New Zealand (2014, background): “The trophic effects of fishing are, however, well established in other marine ecosystems, but depend on the system and level of exploitation it is experiencing (Myers et al. 2007; Smith et al. 2011).”