Meta-analysis of the association between the 7-repeat allele of the dopamine D(4) receptor gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

By Stephen V. Faraone, A. Doyle, E. Mick, Joseph Biederman. American Journal of Psychiatry, 2001

737 citations recorded by the source corpus.

OBJECTIVE Family, twin, and adoption studies show attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to have a substantial genetic component. Although several studies have shown an association between ADHD and the 7-repeat allele of the dopamine D(4) receptor gene (DRD4), several studies have not. Thus, the status of the ADHD-DRD4 association is uncertain. METHOD Meta-analysis was applied to case-control and family-based studies of the association between ADHD and DRD4 to assess the joint evidence for the association, the influence of individual studies, and evidence for publication bias. RESULTS For both the case-control and family-based studies, the authors found 1) support for the association between ADHD and DRD4, 2) no evidence that this association was accounted for by any one study, and 3) no evidence for publication bias. CONCLUSIONS Although the association between ADHD and DRD4 is small, these results suggest that it is real. Further studies are needed to clarify what variant of DRD4 (or some nearby gene) accounts for this association.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental health

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f3348897aca01091716b2851fda0bebfc38e8fdc

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Citations in the corpus

Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. (2005, neutral): “…be defined by examining disease subtypes defined by symptoms (Curran et al 2003), illness persistence (Faraone et al 2000b), or concurrent psychiatric diagnoses, such as bipolar disorder (Faraone et al 1997b, 2001a; Wozniak et al 1995) or conduct disorder (Faraone 2001; Faraone et al 1991, 1997a).”
The Development of Executive Functioning and Theory of Mind (2006, background): “The 7-repeat allele of the dopamine receptor gene (DRD4) has been associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; Faraone, Doyle, Mick, & Biederman, 2001; Swanson et al., 1998).”
EXAMINING THE GENETIC UNDERPINNINGS TO MOFFITT'S DEVELOPMENTAL TAXONOMY: A BEHAVIORAL GENETIC ANALYSIS* (2011, background): “Certain genetic polymorphisms have been linked to well-known predictors of antisocial behaviors such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Faraone et al., 2001) and conduct disorder (Caspi et al.”
Evolutionary Biology of Animal Cognition (2004, background): “The most consistent finding is a positive small association between the 7-repeat allele of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and ADHD (Faraone et al. 2001).”
The genetics of addictions: uncovering the genes (2005, background): “Polymorphisms in both the DRD4 gene and the dopamine transporter SLC6A3 (solute carrier family 6, member 3) have been linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and CD, with linkage to DRD4 long-repeat alleles being more replicabl”
A dynamic developmental theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) predominantly hyperactive/impulsive and combined subtypes. (2005, background): “A recent meta-analysis indicates a small but real association between the DRD4 7-repeat and ADHD (Faraone et al. 2001).”
Etiologic Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Brain Imaging, Molecular Genetic and Environmental Factors and the Dopamine Hypothesis (2007, result): “However, most studies of association of ADHD with the DRD4 gene replicated the initial findings (see Swanson et al., 2000; Faraone et al., 2001).”
Meta‐analysis of the association between a serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5‐HTTLPR) and anxiety‐related personality traits (2004, methodology): “Meta-analysis has been used successfully to both confirm [Altshuler et al., 2000; Faraone et al., 2001] and refute [Kluger et al.”