Pausing patterns: differences between L2 learners and native speakers

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LINGUISTIC DIMENSIONS OF COMPREHENSIBILITY AND PERCEIVED FLUENCY: AN INVESTIGATION OF COMPLEXITY, ACCURACY, AND FLUENCY IN SECOND LANGUAGE ARGUMENTATIVE SPEECH (2019, background): “Previous studies have shown that L2 speakers produce significantly more mid-clause pauses than L1 speakers and that more proficient L2 learners tend to produce fewer pauses within clauses (De Jong, 2016; Tavakoli, 2011).”
Predicting pauses in L1 and L2 speech: the effects of utterance boundaries and word frequency (2016, unknown): “Previous studies had already shown that L2 speakers tend to pause more within constituents, clauses, and ASU ’ s as compared to L1 speakers (Riazantseva 2001; Skehan and Foster 2007; Tavakoli 2011).”
Fluency in Second Language Testing: Insights From Different Disciplines (2018, background): “Likewise, compared to L1 speakers, L2 speakers pause more often within clauses (Kahng, 2014; Tavakoli, 2011) and within Analysis of Speech (AS) units (utterances consisting of an independent clause or of a subclausal unit, together with the associated subordinate clause(s); Skehan & Foster, 2007;…”