Retrotransposons regulate host genes in mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos.

By A. Peaston, Alexei V. Evsikov, J. Graber, W. D. de Vries, Andrea E Holbrook, D. Solter, B. Knowles. Developmental Cell, 2004

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A comprehensive analysis of transposable element (TE) expression in mammalian full-grown oocytes reveals that LTR class III retrotransposons make an unexpectedly high contribution to the maternal mRNA pool, which persists in cleavage stage embryos. The most abundant transcripts in the mouse oocyte are from the mouse transcript (MT) retrotransposon family, and expression of this and other TE families is developmentally regulated. Furthermore, TEs act as alternative promoters and first exons for a subset of host genes, regulating their expression in full-grown oocytes and cleavage stage embryos. To our knowledge, this is the first example of TEs initiating synchronous, developmentally regulated expression of multiple genes in mammals. We propose that differential TE expression triggers sequential reprogramming of the embryonic genome during the oocyte to embryo transition and in preimplantation embryos.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e2131b46a6dd8b4b0aa21c0e37a259ac6b7fd793

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Citations in the corpus

DNA methylation dynamics during epigenetic reprogramming in the germline and preimplantation embryos (2014, background): “Particularly in oocytes and two-cell embryos, this indirect retrotransposon-mediated gene regulation may be critical for successful development (Peaston et al. 2004; Macfarlan et al. 2012).”
Endogenous viruses: insights into viral evolution and impact on host biology (2012, background): “Although some of the ERV-derived transcripts are produced from LTRs that function as traditional sense promoters in the 5′ region of protein-coding gene”
Distribution and intensity of constraint in mammalian genomic sequence. (2005, background): “Evidence that interspersed repeats in mammalian genomes may acquire functional roles as both protein-coding (Nekrutenko and Li 2001) and transcriptional regulatory regions (Chang-Yeh et al. 1991; Britten 1997; Jordan et al. 2003; Khambata-Ford et al. 2003; Peaston et al. 2004) has existed for quite ”
Identification and characterization of two novel classes of small RNAs in the mouse germline: retrotransposon-derived siRNAs in oocytes and germline small RNAs in testes. (2006, background): “This is because retrotransposons act as the first exon for some genes in oocytes (Peaston et al. 2004), and 18.”
Transposable elements and the epigenetic regulation of the genome (2007, background): “Retrotransposons are expressed in mouse cleavage-stage embryos and mature oocytes, providing alternative promoters to a subset of host gene”
Non-coding RNA. (2006, background): “It has also recently been shown that a number of mammalian miRNAs are derived from repeats, mainly various transposons (139), which may lead to a re-examination of the functional role of transposons, especially since it also appears that transposon sequences can play a significant role in the develo”
Chromatin in pluripotent embryonic stem cells and differentiation (2006, background): “Moreover, although not surveyed specifically in cultured ES cells, a higher activity of transposable elements within the genome is evident in early pre-implantation mouse embryo”
KRAB zinc finger proteins (2017, background): “In addition, LTR elements are implicated in the regulation of specific genes in early embryogenesis (Bourque et al., 2008; Fort et al., 2014; Macfarlan et al., 2012; Peaston et al., 2004; Wang et al., 2014; Goke et al., 2015; Kunarso et al., 2010).”