NADPH Oxidases in Cardiovascular Health and Disease

By A. Cave, A. Brewer, Anilkumar Narayanapanicker, R. Ray, D. Grieve, Simon J. Walker, A. Shah. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, 2006

661 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Increased oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and ischemia–reperfusion. Although several sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be involved, a family of NADPH oxidases appears to be especially important for redox signaling and may be amenable to specific therapeutic targeting. These include the prototypic Nox2 isoform-based NADPH oxidase, which was first characterized in neutrophils, as well as other NADPH oxidases such as Nox1 and Nox4. These Nox isoforms are expressed in a cell- and tissue-specific fashion, are subject to independent activation and regulation, and may subserve distinct functions. This article reviews the potential roles of NADPH oxidases in both cardiovascular physiological processes (such as the regulation of vascular tone and oxygen sensing) and pathophysiological processes such as endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, migration, angiogenesis, and vascular and cardiac remodeling. The complexity of regulation of NADPH oxidases in these conditions may provide the possibility of targeted therapeutic manipulation in a cell-, tissue- and/or pathway-specific manner at appropriate points in the disease process.

Subfields: Immunology, Neurology, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/d81a9c6eefd23f22a04ef141dd95de5c41e20590

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Citations in the corpus

Aging-associated cardiovascular changes and their relationship to heart failure (2012, background): “ANGII binds to both angiotensin I (AT1) and angiotensin II (AT2) receptors to activate a complex signal transduction cascade that affects a number of transcriptionally important factors.(43) Either directly or through AT1, ANGII can activate the NADPH oxidase complex to generate ROS.”
Nox proteins in signal transduction (2009, positive): “In addition, they have more specialized functions, such as host defense (Nox2) [6], otoconium formation in the inner ear (Nox3) [20], iodination of thyroid hormone (Duox2) [36], and control of vascular tone (Nox2) [37].”
Nox enzymes, ROS, and chronic disease: an example of antagonistic pleiotropy. (2007, background): “, regulation of vascular tone, differentiation, growth, oxygen sensing) and pathophysiological roles of Nox enzymes in the cardiovascular system have been reviewed recently [52].”
Health effects of quercetin: from antioxidant to nutraceutical. (2008, background): “, 2006; Lee and Lee, 2006), impairment of receptor functions (Aslan and Ozben, 2003) andDNA lesions (Cave et al., 2006; Waris and Ahsan, 2006).”