Trade Openness and Developing Countries’ Vulnerability: Concepts, Misconceptions, and Directions for Research

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Vulnerable and exploitable: The need for organisational accountability and transparency in emerging and less developed economies (2013, background): “…alternative “Sustainable Livelihood Vulnerability” approach is adopted by UNDP and this approach “incorporates an evaluation of sensitivity to negative shocks (“livelihood sensitivity”) as well as the endogenous ability to respond and recover (“livelihood resilience”)” (Montalbano, 2011, p. 1492).”
Corporate environmental responsibility and accountability: What chance in vulnerable Bangladesh? (2015, methodology): “There have been, however, some useful attempts to review, collate and analyze the diverse application of, and perspectives on the concept of vulnerability (see for example, Montalbano, 2011).”