Spanwise flow and the attachment of the leading-edge vortex on insect wings

By J. Birch, Michael H. Dickinson. Nature, 2001

751 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Aerospace Engineering, Computational Mechanics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ca2640928c6e68e0368445d94ac0049a8f246d29

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Citations in the corpus

• Flapping Wings and Aerodynamic Lift: The Role of Leading-Edge Vortices (2007, background): “Observing the considerable difference exhibited between fruit fly and hawkmoth models, Birch and Dickinson [5] hypothesized that the attenuating effect of the downwash induced by the tip vortex and wake vorticity limits the growth of the LEV by lowering the effective angle of attack and prolongs the”
• DISSECTING INSECT FLIGHT (2005, background): “Observing relatively small spanwise flow in their experiment, Birch & Dickinson (2001) suggested that the downwash would reduce the effective angle of attack and thus enhance the leading-edge stability.”
• Aerodynamic forces of revolving hummingbird wings and wing models (2004, background): “Similar lift enhancement occurs at the lower Re characteristic of fruitflies (Dickinson et al., 1999; Sane & Dickinson, 2001,2002), although the spiral nature of the LEV in this context is less pronounced (see Birch & Dickinson, 2001 ).”
• Integrative Model of Drosophila Flight (2008, positive): “The quasi-steady assumption is based on the observation that the flow pattern and forces acting on a revolving wing display little time dependence even at angles of attack high enough to generate a leading edge vortex [21,60].”
• Wing–wake interaction reduces power consumption in insect tandem wings (2009, neutral): “wash acceleration (Birch and Dickinson 2001).”
• Reynolds number and aspect ratio effects on the leading-edge vortex for rotating insect wing planforms (2013, methodology): “Studies investigating the velocity field around flapping wings have shown the threedimensional structure of the LEV and have highlighted the presence of strong spanwise flow from wing root to tip (Birch & Dickinson 2001; Birch et al. 2004; Poelma, Dickson & Dickinson 2006).”
• Wingtip shape and flight performance in the European Starling Sturnus vulgaris (2003, background): “Email: jpswad@wm.edu 458 J.P. Swaddle & R. Lockwood © 2003 British Ornithologists’ Union, Ibis , 145 , 457–464 initially expected due to greater downwash in more pointed wings compared with rounded wings (Birch & Dickinson 2001).”
• Can Tip Vortices Enhance Lift of a Flapping Wing (2009, background): “For example, the LEV can be stabilized by spanwise flow in its core at high Reynolds number [3] and by induced flow by the tip vortex at low Reynolds number [9].”
• Application of digital particle image velocimetry to insect aerodynamics: measurement of the leading-edge vortex and near wake of a Hawkmoth (2006, background): “More recent work (Birch and Dickinson 2001) indicates that spanwise flow is insignificant at the lower Reynolds numbers associated with smaller insects (Re ∼100).”
• Unsteady force generation and vortex dynamics of pitching and plunging aerofoils (2012, positive): “Dickinson and co-workers conducted a series of experiments on a dynamically scaled robotic fruit fly model to understand unsteady force generation in insects at Re O(10(2)) to O(10(3)) [38-48].”
• Three-dimensional flows around low-aspect-ratio flat-plate wings at low Reynolds numbers (2009, background): “Such transport has been suggested to stabilize the leading-edge vortex for flapping wings ( Birch & Dickinson 2001; Birch et al. 2004).”
• Time-resolved reconstruction of the full velocity field around a dynamically-scaled flapping wing (2006, methodology): “A second, more important advantage of the repeatability is that it allows a complete reconstruction of the flow, because each spanwise position and stroke position can be measured separately (Birch and Dickinson 2001).”