Mechanism by which metformin reduces glucose production in type 2 diabetes.

By R. Hundal, Martin Krssák, S. Dufour, D. Laurent, Vincent Lebon, V. Chandramouli, Silvio E. Inzucchi, W. Schumann, K. Petersen, B. Landau and 1 more. Diabetes, 2000

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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of metformin: an overview. (2012, positive): “production [8], mainly by inhibiting gluconeogenesis [9, 10].”
The LKB1-AMPK pathway: metabolism and growth control in tumor suppression (2009, background): “aspx?CdrID=593641">Metformin (Glucophage) is the most widely used type 2 diabetes drug and is thought to act by decreasing hepatic gluconeogenesi”
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway coordinates cell growth, autophagy, & metabolism (2011, background): “The principle therapeutic mode of action of metformin in diabetes is through suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesi”
Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes: scientific review. (2002, background): “patic glucose production in the presence of insulin.(48,49) It is therefore considered an insulin sensitizer.”
Mechanism by which high-dose aspirin improves glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes. (2002, background): “The reductions in fasting plasma glucose concentration and glucose production are comparable to the effects of metformin in type 2 diabetic patients and occurred independently of any changes in fasting plasma insulin or C-peptide concentrations (25, 26).”