The learning of categories: parallel brain systems for item memory and category knowledge.

By B. J. Knowlton, L. R. Squire. 1993

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Citations in the corpus

Generalization Through the Recurrent Interaction of Episodic Memories (2012, methodology): “We note that the interpretation of these empirical observations remains highly contentious: whilst a popular account views these data as supporting the operation of multiple memory systems in the brain (Knowlton and Squire, 1993), it has also been argued that a single system exemplar model, specific”
Adaptive resonance theory (1997, background): “Knowlton and Squire (1993) posited that two separate memory systems are needed to explain these data.”
Memory, reasoning, and categorization: parallels and common mechanisms (2014, background): “Moreover, amnesics have been shown to accurately categorize tests instances that they do not recognize (e.g., Knowlton and Squire, 1993; Nosofsky and Zaki, 1998).”
Adaptive Resonance Theory (2002, background): “Knowlton and Squire (1993) have reported that amnesics can classify items as members of a large category even if they are impaired on remembering the individual items themselves.”
Activation in the neural network responsible for categorization and recognition reflects parameter changes (2011, background): “For example, various influential studies demonstrated that amnesic subjects with poor recognition memory show normal categorization performance, suggesting that separate neural memory systems may mediate the tasks (12-16).”
Formal Approaches in Categorization: Prototype models of categorization: basic formulation, predictions, and limitations (2011, background): “…closer to the prototype are endorsed more strongly as category members than items that are physically more distant (Homa et al., 1973; Homa & Cultice, 1984; Knowlton & Squire, 1993; Posner & Keele, 1968; Reber, Stark, & Squire, 1998b, 1998a; J. D. Smith & Minda, 2001; J. D. Smith et al., 2008).”
Is categorization performance really intact in amnesia? A meta-analysis (2004, methodology): “…studies in which no significant difference has been observed between the performances of amnesics and controls on categorization has been taken as support for the multiple-systems approach (e.g., Filoteo, Maddox, & Davis, 2001; Knowlton & Squire, 1993; Reed et al., 1999; Squire & Knowlton, 1995).”
Genetic dissection of consolidated memory in Drosophila. (1994, background): “Alternatively, ARM might represent the longest-lasting memory of a particular neuronal cell type in a distinct anatomical region of the brain, while LTM might occur only in “memory cells” (cf. Menzel et al., 1990; Rose, 1991; Knowlton and Squire, 1993; McDonald and White, 1993; Zola-Morgan and Squir”
Learning About Categories in the Absence of Training: Profound Amnesia and the Relationship Between Perceptual Categorization and Recognition Memory (1999, methodology): “Although a dissociation between categorization and recognition in amnesics and normal individuals has been taken as evidence for multiple memory systems (Knowlton & Squire, 1993), this dissociation may also be consistent with a single memory system (Nosofsky & Zaki, 1998).”
Rethinking Semantic Segmentation: A Prototype View (2022, background): “dence in cognitive science [60, 91]): data samples are classified based on their proximity to representative prototypes of classes.”
Concepts and categories: Memory, meaning, and metaphysics (2012, methodology): “Knowlton and Squire (1993) used the Posner and Keele dot pattern stimuli to test amnesic and matched control patients on either categorization learning and transfer or on a new-old recognition task (involving five previously studied patterns versus five new patterns).”
Dissociations Between Categorization and Recognition in Amnesic and Normal Individuals: An Exemplar-Based Interpretation (1998, methodology): “Furthermore, note that the categorization-recognition dissociation reported by Knowlton and Squire (1993) cannot be explained in terms of the use of a relative-similarity rule for categorization and absolute-summed-similarity rule for recognition (Nosofsky, 1988) because in Knowlton and Squire’s…”
Memory systems of the brain: a brief history and current perspective. (2004, background): “Other demonstrations followed (e.g., the ability to resolve stereoscopic images, Benzing & Squire, 1989; cognitive skill learning, Squire & Frambach, 1990; artificial grammar learning, Knowlton, Ramus, & Squire, 1992; and category learning, Knowlton & Squire, 1993).”
Adaptive Resonance Theory: How a brain learns to consciously attend, learn, and recognize a changing world (2013, background): “Knowlton and Squire (1993) posited that two separate memory systems are needed to explain these data.”