Complexity of trauma narratives as an index of fragmented memory in PTSD: a critical analysis

By Matt J. Gray, T. Lombardo. 2001

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Posttraumatic stress disorder following assault: the role of cognitive processing, trauma memory, and appraisals. (2003, background): “Lower intelligence has been associated with the development of PTSD (Macklin et al., 1998) and has been found to explain differences in the reading level of written trauma narratives in students with and without PTSD (Gray & Lombardo, 2001).”
Memories of positive and negative emotional events (2005, background): “Gray and Lombardo (2001) compared written narratives of traumatic, unpleasant, and pleasant events in two groups of undergraduates: those with symptoms of Copyright # 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Appl.”
Psychological theories of posttraumatic stress disorder. (2003, unknown): “Gray and Lombardo (2001) replicated Amir et al.’s findings that PTSD was associated with lower reading levels in a trauma narrative, but found that the effect disappeared when writing skill and cognitive ability were controlled for.”
The centrality of event scale: a measure of integrating a trauma into one's identity and its relation to post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. (2006, background): “However, both claims have found little support when subjected to more systematic experimental examination (e.g., Berntsen et al., 2003; Gray & Lombardo, 2001; Porter & Birt, 2001; Reviere & Bakeman, 2001; Rubin et al., 2004; but see Halligan, Michael, Clark, & Ehlers, 2003).”