Transcriptional integration of metabolism by the nuclear sterol-activated receptors LXR and FXR
By A. Calkin, P. Tontonoz. Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology, 2012
718 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Nuclear receptors are integrators of hormonal and nutritional signals, mediating changes to metabolic pathways within the body. Given that modulation of lipid and glucose metabolism has been linked to diseases including type 2 diabetes, obesity and atherosclerosis, a greater understanding of pathways that regulate metabolism in physiology and disease is crucial. The liver X receptors (LXRs) and the farnesoid X receptors (FXRs) are activated by oxysterols and bile acids, respectively. Mounting evidence indicates that these nuclear receptors have essential roles, not only in the regulation of cholesterol and bile acid metabolism but also in the integration of sterol, fatty acid and glucose metabolism.
Subfields: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Oncology, Surgery
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b09b8cb00b2f1bd163d417e18bbd47159d978f14
How researchers see this paper
The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
In Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
In Oncology
In Surgery
Citations in the corpus
- Bile Acid Metabolism and Signaling (2013, neutral): “Many studies have implicated FXR in the regulation of bile acid synthesis, biliary bile acid secretion, intestinal bile acid absorption, and hepatic uptake of bile acids (24, 55, 106, 133, 172, 221).”
- Pleiotropic Roles of Bile Acids in Metabolism (2013, background): “These changes appear to result partly from the FXR-dependent repression of hepatic Pepck and G6Pase expression and gluconeogenesis, as well as an FXR-dependent increase in glycogen synthesis (reviewed in Calkin and Tontonoz, 2012).”
- Energy Metabolism in the Liver (2014, neutral): “Cyp7a catalyzes hydroxylation of cholesterol, the rate-limiting step of bile acid biosynthesis.”
- Recent advances in 2D and 3D in vitro systems using primary hepatocytes, alternative hepatocyte sources and non-parenchymal liver cells and their use in investigating mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, cell signaling and ADME (2013, neutral): “In hepatocytes, FXR is an important regulator of bile acid synthesis, detoxification and transport (for recent reviews including overviews of FXR target genes see (Calkin and Tontonoz 2012; Modica et al. 2010; Lefebvre et al. 2009; Keitel et al. 2008a; Thomas et al. 2008; Kalaany and Mangelsdorf 200”
- Altered Bile Acid Profile Associates with Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease – An Emerging Role for Gut Microbiome (2018, background): “It is of interest that BAs are ligands for nuclear receptors including FXR, LXRs among others and they acts synergistically as metabolic sensors to regulate energy homeostasis [73,74] peripherally and might also propagate their effects to the brain.”
- Diet and Feeding Pattern Affect the Diurnal Dynamics of the Gut Microbiome (2014, neutral): “Enterohepatic bile acid signaling mediated by FXR most directly affects the activity of cyotchorme p450 7A1 (Cyp7a1, also known as cholesterol 7 a-hydroxylase), which is the main enzyme for de novo bile acid synthesis from cholesterol (Calkin and Tontonoz, 2012; Gilardi et al., 2007; Matsubara et al”