Consumer reactions to crowded retail settings: Cross‐cultural differences between North America and the Middle East

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The impact of other‐customer failure on service satisfaction (2008, background): “Crowding, in particular, represents one of the important environmental factors influencing customers’ retail experience (Hui and Bateson, 1991; Pons et al., 2006).”
Human and spatial dimensions of retail density: Revisiting the role of perceived control (2008, background): “High levels of social interactions resulting from high human density may be positively valued in hedonic or leisure services because social motivations are what brings consumers to these types of settings in the first place (Pons et al., 2006).”
Examining the Differential Impact of Human Crowding Versus Spatial Crowding on Visitor Satisfaction at a Festival (2016, background): “retailing, service environment, and restaurant) show that perceived crowding may enhance the consumer experience (see for example Hwang et al., 2012; Pons et al., 2006).”