Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Retinopathy

By R. Kowluru, P. Chan. International Journal of Experimental Diabetes Research, 2007

755 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Oxygen metabolism is essential for sustaining aerobic life, and normal cellular homeostasis works on a fine balance between the formation and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress, a cytopathic consequence of excessive production of ROS and the suppression of ROS removal by antioxidant defense system, is implicated in the development of many diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes and its complications. Retinopathy, a debilitating microvascular complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of acquired blindness in developed countries. Many diabetes-induced metabolic abnormalities are implicated in its development, and appear to be influenced by elevated oxidative stress; however the exact mechanism of its development remains elusive. Increased superoxide concentration is considered as a causal link between elevated glucose and the other metabolic abnormalities important in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Animal studies have shown that antioxidants have beneficial effects on the development of retinopathy, but the results from very limited clinical trials are somewhat ambiguous. Although antioxidants are being used for other chronic diseases, controlled clinical trials are warranted to investigate potential beneficial effects of antioxidants in the development of retinopathy in diabetic patients.

Subfields: Clinical Biochemistry, Neurology, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a4559e68e16c733802c6d3dfccacc679b93cb3e9

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In Clinical Biochemistry

1. Andrzej Grzybowski
2. M. Nita

In Neurology

1. Andrzej Grzybowski
2. M. Nita

In Physiology

1. Andrzej Grzybowski
2. Qingzheng Kang
3. Chunxue Yang
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Citations in the corpus

• Oxidative stress and diabetic retinopathy: Molecular mechanisms, pathogenetic role and therapeutic implications (2020, background): “It has been reported that four classical metabolic abnormalities are involved in hyperglycemiainduced oxidative damages in the retina: activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway; polyol pathway flux; and activation of the hexosamine pathway; intracellular formation of advanced glycation endpro”
• Role of Catalase in Oxidative Stress- and Age-Associated Degenerative Diseases (2019, background): “In the case of diabetes retinopathy, the retina is damaged by retina neovascularization where new vessel origination from existing veins extends to the retinal inner cells [82] leading to blindness [83].”
• The Role of the Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress in the Pathomechanism of the Age-Related Ocular Diseases and Other Pathologies of the Anterior and Posterior Eye Segments in Adults (2016, background): “The oxidative stress and inflammation promote endothelial cells senescence [169] and pathological angiogenesis characteristic for proliferative diabetic retinopathy [170].”