Decreased Expression of Toll-Like Receptor-4 and MD-2 Correlates with Intestinal Epithelial Cell Protection Against Dysregulated Proinflammatory Gene Expression in Response to Bacterial…

By M. Abreu, P. Vora, E. Faure, L. Thomas, E. T. Arnold, M. Arditi. Journal of Immunology, 2001

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TLR Signaling in the Gut in Health and Disease1 (2005, background): “TLR expression in commonly used human-derived IEC lines TLRs SW480 Caco2 T84 HT-29 1 RNA, protein (9) RNA (low level) (8) RNA (8) RNA (8) 2 * (9), (36) RNA, protein (92), RNA (5), poorly responsive to ligands (6, 8), RNA, ( protein) poorly responsive to ligands (8), protein (92) RNA, poorly responsi”
Toll-like receptors. (2003, background): “TLR4 is expressed at relatively low levels in intestinal epithelial cells, which may explain why lipopolysaccharide (LPS) does not elicit a strong inflammatory response in the intestine (156, 157).”
The gut flora as a forgotten organ (2006, background): “Normal enterocytes express low levels of TLR2, TLR4 and the co-receptor MD-2, and lack membrane-bound CD14, which is a co-receptor for lipopolysaccharide (Abreu et al, 2001; Otte et al, 2004).”
Symbiotic Bacterial Metabolites Regulate Gastrointestinal Barrier Function via the Xenobiotic Sensor PXR and Toll-like Receptor 4 (2014, positive): “We focused next on TLR4 because it is a critical determinant of LPS signaling in the intestine (Abreu et al., 2001).”