Biological Functions and Biogenesis of Secreted Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles

By Adam Kulp, M. Kuehn. Annual Review of Microbiology, 2010

1,457 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that contain biologically active proteins and perform diverse biological processes. Unlike other secretion mechanisms, OMVs enable bacteria to secrete insoluble molecules in addition to and in complex with soluble material. OMVs allow enzymes to reach distant targets in a concentrated, protected, and targeted form. OMVs also play roles in bacterial survival: Their production is a bacterial stress response and important for nutrient acquisition, biofilm development, and pathogenesis. Key characteristics of OMV biogenesis include outward bulging of areas lacking membrane-peptidoglycan bonds, the capacity to upregulate vesicle production without also losing outer membrane integrity, enrichment or exclusion of certain proteins and lipids, and membrane fission without direct energy from ATP/GTP hydrolysis. Comparisons of similar budding mechanisms from diverse biological domains have provided new insight into evaluating mechanisms for outer membrane vesiculation.

Subfields: Genetics, Microbiology, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8af72cf9382d1b7a046a5f1c56aa34ca21bf3436

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Citations in the corpus

Bacterial outer membrane vesicles mediate cytosolic localization of LPS and caspase-11 activation (2016, positive): “…carrier-likemechanism is responsible for the intracellular entry of LPS. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are highly specialized secretory mechanisms that mediate cell-to-cell transfer of protein, lipid, and nucleic acid contents (Kulp and Kuehn, 2010).”
Contribution of bacterial outer membrane vesicles to innate bacterial defense (2011, background): “OMVs are spherical portions of bacterial envelope containing outer membrane protein and lipid as well as soluble material contained in the lumen or bound to the external surface [2,3].”
Microbial Surface Colonization and Biofilm Development in Marine Environments (2015, background): “The secretion of EMVs is regarded as a bacterial stress response and may be regulated by environmental cues (744, 745).”
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 nanowires are outer membrane and periplasmic extensions of the extracellular electron transport components (2014, background): “Virtually all Gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles, and can alter the rate of production and composition of those vesicles in response to various stress conditions (19, 41).”
Exosomes and other extracellular vesicles in host–pathogen interactions (2014, neutral): “The content and function of these bacteria-generated vesicles has recently been under intensive investigation and excellently reviewed elsewhere [13–15].”
Biology of Acinetobacter baumannii: Pathogenesis, Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms, and Prospective Treatment Options (2017, background): “Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) OMVs are spherical, 20–200 nm diameter vesicles secreted by the outer membranes of various Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria (Kulp and Kuehn, 2010).”
A new pathway for mitochondrial quality control: mitochondrial‐derived vesicles (2014, background): “All gram-negative bacteria, including Archae strains, shed vesicles, from those living within the soil to infectious strains like Helicobacter pylori, causing ulcers, or Treponema pallidum, the cause of syphilis (Kulp & Kuehn, 2010; Bonnington & Kuehn, 2014).”