A Cognitive Model of Planning

By B. Hayes-Roth, F. Hayes-Roth. 1979

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

1. Dhruv Batra
2. Devi Parikh
3. Zhe Gan
4. Sergey Levine
5. Mohit Bansal
6. Yoshua Bengio
7. Kristen Grauman
8. Stefan Lee

Citations in the corpus

• Neural Modular Control for Embodied Question Answering (2018, background): “This ability to abstract long, complex sequences of actions into semantically meaningful subgoals is a key component of human cognition [3] and it is natural to believe that artificial agents can benefit from applying similar mechanisms when navigating our world.”
• Something Old, Something New: Revisiting Guilford's Conception of Creative Problem Solving (2001, background): “This inherently opportunistic process not only calls for the redefinition of plans and approach (Hayes-Roth & Hayes-Roth, 1979); it suggests that creative achievement may depend on the development of flexible rather than lock-step plans, an awareness of alternative routes and the conditions calling…”
• Learning to Think Mathematically: Problem Solving, Metacognition, and Sense Making in Mathematics (Reprint) (2009, background): “Alternate models, corresponding to different domains were bottom-up; and still others, most notably the “Opportunistic Planning Model,” or OPM, of Hayes-Roth and Hayes-Roth (1979), was heterarchical—somewhat top-down in approach, but also working at the local level when appropriate.”
• Emotions and Planning (2006, background): “…on the relationship between cognitive function and behavior analyzing how individuals plan using search heuristics in problem space (Newell & Simon, 1972), information processing strategies (Hayes-Roth & Hayes-Roth, 1979), and schemes linking knowledge, evaluation and action (Miller et al., 1960).”
• TravelPlanner: A Benchmark for Real-World Planning with Language Agents (2024, background): “Planning, a hallmark of human intelligence, entails a sequence of actions that involve decomposing tasks, searching for solutions, and making final decisions (Hayes-Roth & Hayes-Roth, 1979; Grafman et al., 2004; Su, 2023).”
• Creativity and Planning: Training Interventions to Develop Creative Problem-Solving Skills (2006, background): “…consequences (Lonergan, Scott, & Mumford, 2004), (c) projection of short-term outcomes (Gaerling, 1994), (d) projection of long-term outcomes (Hayes-Roth & Hayes-Roth, 1979), (e) projection of likely contingencies and restrictions (Langholtz, Gettys, & Foote, 1994), (f)…”
• Hierarchically organized behavior and its neural foundations: A reinforcement-learning perspective (2008, background): “1C; Hayes-Roth & Hayes-Roth, 1979; Kambhampati, Mali, & Srivastava, 1998; Marthi, Russell, & Wolfe, 2007).”
• Future thought and behaviour change (2012, background): “Free thoughts and images about the future have also been conceptualised as planning the course of an action (Hayes-Roth & Hayes-Roth, 1979).”
• A Framework for Teachable Collaborative Problem Solving Skills (2015, background): “Planning is a crucial metacognitive activity, as it requires problem solvers to refl ect on their own (and others’) cognitive processes (Hayes-Roth and Hayes-Roth 1979 ).”