IL-21 initiates an alternative pathway to induce proinflammatory TH17 cells

By T. Korn, E. Bettelli, Wenda Gao, A. Awasthi, A. Jäger, T. Strom, M. Oukka, V. Kuchroo. Nature, 2007

2,001 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Immunology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7d22c92d38c416227e515d2c62222594c2ffb235

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In Immunology

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Citations in the corpus

• IL-21 regulates germinal center B cell differentiation and proliferation through a B cell–intrinsic mechanism (2010, background): “Although there is uncertainty about the stringency of the requirement for IL-21 in the formation of Th17 in vivo (Coquet et al., 2008; Sonderegger et al., 2008), it is possible that this T cell subset may influence GC function, as IL-17 has been shown to influence GC B cell activity in at least one ”
• IL-21 acts directly on B cells to regulate Bcl-6 expression and germinal center responses (2010, background): “…there was a 72% reduction in HEL3Xhi-binding GC B cells (P = 0.035) 10 d Th17 cell formation, it is possible that a role for IL-21 would become more apparent in IL-6–deficient mice (Korn et al., 2007; Nurieva et al., 2007; Zhou et al., 2007; Coquet et al., 2008; Sonderegger et al., 2008).”
• TGF-β and immune cells: an important regulatory axis in the tumor microenvironment and progression (2010, background): “TGF-β, coordinating with IL-21, induces CD4+CD25+ Tregs that counterbalance the effect of IL-6 that promotes proinflammatory IL-17-producing T cells [37].”
• RORγt drives production of the cytokine GM-CSF in helper T cells, which is essential for the effector phase of autoimmune neuroinflammation (2011, background): “Whereas the genesis of T H 17 cells under various conditions has been described abundantl”
• The IL-23/Th17 axis in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis. (2009, background): “In fact, transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1, together with IL-6, IL-21, and subsequently IL-23, promotes differentiation of Th17 cells from naı̈ve CD4þ T cells (Bettelli et al., 2006; Mangan et al., 2006; Veldhoen et al., 2006; Korn et al., 2007).”
• The Balance of Th17 versus Treg Cells in Autoimmunity (2018, background): “For pathogenicity, Th17 cells require an IL-23 signal along with IL-6 plus TGF-β, to induce IL-23 receptor expression [56,60,61].”