The Arts and Academic Achievement: What the Evidence Shows

By L. Hetland, Ellen Winner. 2001

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When the music's over. Does music skill transfer to children's and young adolescents' cognitive and academic skills? A meta-analysis (2017, unknown): “With regard to academic achievement, previous meta-analyses suggest that music training slightly enhances students' mathematical (Hetland & Winner, 2001; Vaughn, 2000) and literacy skills (Gordon, Fehd, & McCandliss, 2015).”
Time in the arts and physical education and school achievement (2003, background): “…the important contributions that these subjects make to the education of the whole child (Consortium of National Arts Education Associations 1994, Perrin 1994, Straub 1994, National Association for Sports and Physical Education 1995, Coleman 1999, Lambert 2000, Winner and Hetland 2000a, b, 2001).”
Learning to Think Critically (2014, background): “As Hetland and Winner (2001) put it, “the arts are a fundamentally important part of culture, and an education without them is an impoverished education leading to an impoverished society” (p. 5).”