Role of Particle Size in Phagocytosis of Polymeric Microspheres

By J. Champion, Amanda H Walker, S. Mitragotri. Pharmaceutical Research, 2008

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Smart nanoparticles for cancer therapy (2023, background): “286,287 290 Previous research revealed that PEG coating is a useful technology for increasing the retention of particles in tumor sites and extending the circulating half-life of particles.”
Physical approaches to biomaterial design (2009, background): “In particular, surface roughness of macrophages may be important in their ability to recognize the size of object”
The role of surface charge in cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of medical nanoparticles (2012, neutral): “112 Enterocytes are an exception to this rule, because they preferentially ingest particles in the range between 100 and 200 nm. 113 Phagocytic cells, by contrast, preferentially ingest particles between 2 and 3 µ m, 114 and phagocytose NPs to a lower extent.”
Endocytosis and exocytosis of nanoparticles in mammalian cells (2014, background): “Polymeric microspheres with diameters of 2–3 μm exhibited the maximal phagocytosis rate.(27) Interestingly, this size range coincides with the general size of the bacteria that are the most common targets of the MPS.”
The journey of a drug-carrier in the body: an anatomo-physiological perspective. (2012, background): “Because Kupffer cells have a ruffled surface, privileged interactions and optimal phagocytosis occur when the colloids have a diameter between 1 and 3 μm [114,115].”