Developmental Neuroplasticity After Cochlear Implantation

By Andrej Kral, Anu Sharma. Trends in Neurosciences, 2011

607 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Cortical development is dependent on stimulus-driven learning. The absence of sensory input from birth, as occurs in congenital deafness, affects normal growth and connectivity needed to form a functional sensory system—resulting in deficits in oral language learning. Cochlear implants bypass cochlear damage by directly stimulating the auditory nerve and brain, making it possible to avoid many of the deleterious effects of sensory deprivation. Congenitally deaf animals and children who receive implants provide a platform to examine the characteristics of cortical plasticity in the auditory system. In this review, we discuss the existence of, time limits for, and mechanistic constraints on sensitive periods for cochlear implantation and describe the effects of multimodal and cognitive re-organization that results from long-term auditory deprivation.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Sensory Systems

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/64fba8a9954b8355d7dabb4d9e050b7eaf965f85

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Citations in the corpus

When and how do children develop knowledge of verb argument structure? Evidence from verb bias effects in a structural priming task (2015, background): “The fact that critical/sensitive periods exist in many domains (e.g., Crawford, Harwerth, Smith, & von Noorden, 1996; Daw, 1994; Katz & Shatz, 1996; Kral & Sharma, 2012; Wiesel & Hubel, 1965) suggests that these learning rate changes may be governed by neural mechanisms that are not specific to…”
Deaf children need language, not (just) speech (2019, positive): “…language might accelerate maladaptive cortical reorganization, such that cochlear implantation is less likely to be successful due to ‘visual takeover’ of typical auditory-related neuropathways (Champoux, Lepore, Gagné, & Théoret, 2009; Giraud & Lee, 2007; Kral & Sharma, 2012; Lee et al., 2001).”
Critical periods in speech perception: new directions. (2015, background): “Both ERP measures of central auditory discrimination (Kral & Sharma 2012) and behavioral measures of speech discrimination (e.g., Faulkner & Pisoni 2013) indicate that plasticity may remain for a longer period than it does in infants who have been hearing from birth, with close to full recovery…”