AMPK - a nutrient and energy sensor that maintains energy homeostasis

By D. Hardie, Fiona A. Ross, S. Hawley. Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology, 2012

4,395 citations recorded by the source corpus.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial cellular energy sensor. Once activated by falling energy status, it promotes ATP production by increasing the activity or expression of proteins involved in catabolism while conserving ATP by switching off biosynthetic pathways. AMPK also regulates metabolic energy balance at the whole-body level. For example, it mediates the effects of agents acting on the hypothalamus that promote feeding and entrains circadian rhythms of metabolism and feeding behaviour. Finally, recent studies reveal that AMPK conserves ATP levels through the regulation of processes other than metabolism, such as the cell cycle and neuronal membrane excitability.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Physiology, Surgery

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5f01d1d26b07a95c44eaf821cb8c2d83ef8e5db2

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In Molecular Biology

1. Ralph J. Deberardinis
2. E. Verdin
3. Adam Freund
4. J. Campisi
5. Erika L. Pearce
6. Russell G. Jones
7. J. Asara
8. Lewis C. Cantley

In Physiology

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2. Adam Freund
3. J. Campisi
4. Hung-Chun Chang
5. M. Hirschey
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In Surgery

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4. B. Viollet
5. Ralph J. Deberardinis
6. D. Hardie
7. R. Shaw

Citations in the corpus

• The Short Chain Fatty Acid Butyrate Imprints an Antimicrobial Program in Macrophages (2019, background): “By contrast, macrophages differentiated in the presence of butyrate show reduced glycolysis, higher amounts of AMP and increased AMPK phosphorylation at Thr172, a residue that is critical for enzyme activity (Hardie et al., 2012).”
• Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induces Senescence with a Distinct Secretory Phenotype (2015, background): “Increased ADP:ATP or AMP:ATP ratios activate AMPK (Hardie et al., 2012), which can induce senescence by phosphorylating p53 (Jones et al.”
• The energy sensor AMPK regulates T cell metabolic adaptation and effector responses in vivo. (2015, background): “AMPK is a central regulator of cellular responses to metabolic stress (Hardie et al., 2012) and is activated in CD8+ T cells during primary responses in vivo (Pearce et al., 2009).”
• AMPK is a negative regulator of the Warburg Effect and suppresses tumor growth in vivo (2012, background): “Loss of AMPKa Signaling Enhances the Warburg Effect in Cancer Cells AMPK sits at a central node in the regulation of catabolic and anabolic metabolism (Hardie et al., 2012).”
• Pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure: signaling pathways and novel therapeutic targets (2015, background): “It is also known to activate multiple downstream targets (e.g., PGC-1α, FoxO proteins, PPARγ, GLUT4) to regulate cardiac energetic homeostasis, as well as act on several signaling cascades that limit cell growth (reviewed in Hardie et al. 2012; Kim and Dyck 2015) (Fig.”
• SIRT1 and other sirtuins in Metabolism (2013, background): “AMPK is also activated by energy depletion (resulting in higher AMP levels in cells) and drives the expression of the PGC-1α gene under these conditions [76].”