TETonic shift: biological roles of TET proteins in DNA demethylation and transcription

By William A. Pastor, L. Aravind, Anjana Rao. Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology, 2013

866 citations recorded by the source corpus.

In many organisms, the methylation of cytosine in DNA has a key role in silencing 'parasitic' DNA elements, regulating transcription and establishing cellular identity. The recent discovery that ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins are 5-methylcytosine oxidases has provided several chemically plausible pathways for the reversal of DNA methylation, thus triggering a paradigm shift in our understanding of how changes in DNA methylation are coupled to cell differentiation, embryonic development and cancer.

Subfields: Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/54b115453a9c94dd88ec370af978c02cabee70d5

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In Molecular Biology

1. Chuan He
2. Jianzhao Liu
3. Ping Gao
4. E. Nestler
5. Li Shen
6. Xiaochuan Liu
7. Liam J. McGuffin
8. Jim M. Dunwell

Citations in the corpus

• Reversing DNA Methylation: Mechanisms, Genomics, and Biological Functions (2014, neutral): “The biochemical basis of TET enzymes in oxidative modification of 5mC has recently been reviewed elsewhere (Kohli and Zhang, 2013; Pastor et al., 2013).”
• RNA N6-methyladenosine methylation in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation (2015, background): “The continuous oxidation of 5hmC by the TET family proteins is a critical step in the active DNA demethylation pathway in mammals (He et al. 2011; Pastor et al. 2013; Shen et al. 2014).”
• DE NOVO EPIGENETIC PROGRAMS INHIBIT PD-1 BLOCKADE-MEDIATED T-CELL REJUVENATION (2017, neutral): “…cite this article in press as: Ghoneim et al., De Novo Epigenetic Programs Inhibit PD-1 Blockade-Mediated T Cell Rejuvenation, Cell (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.007 to de-differentiate fate-committed cells (Pastor et al., 2013), specifically exhausted T cells during ICB therapy.”
• Metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications on the path to cancer (2021, background): “Teneleven translocation enzymes TET1, TET2, and TET3 (erasers), which rely on Fe2+ and α-KG as co-substrate and cofactor, drive the demethylation of DNA (Pastor et al., 2013).”
• ngs.plot: Quick mining and visualization of next-generation sequencing data by integrating genomic databases (2014, background): “DHSs have been used as markers of regulatory DNA regions [35,36] including promoters, enhancers, insulators, silencers, and locus control regions.”
• The mysterious presence of a 5-methylcytosine oxidase in the Drosophila genome (2013, background): “In mammals, mainly humans and mice, the function of 5hmC, the major product of TET protein activity, is becoming clearer with the rapid pace of new studies with suggested roles in gene regulation, mammalian development, differentiation, and disease states.(44) In other organisms the function of TET ”
• High-resolution genome-wide DNA methylation maps of mouse primary female dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes (2014, neutral): “TS-HMRs have less methylation than surrounding DNA in all four methylomes examined, suggesting a dynamic methylation-demethylation process at these regulatory regions [58].”