Reversing DNA Methylation: Mechanisms, Genomics, and Biological Functions

By Hao Wu, Yi Zhang. Cell, 2014

1,004 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Methylation of cytosines in the mammalian genome represents a key epigenetic modification and is dynamically regulated during development. Compelling evidence now suggests that dynamic regulation of DNA methylation is mainly achieved through a cyclic enzymatic cascade comprised of cytosine methylation, iterative oxidation of methyl group by TET dioxygenases, and restoration of unmodified cytosines by either replication-dependent dilution or DNA glycosylase-initiated base excision repair. In this review, we discuss the mechanism and function of DNA demethylation in mammalian genomes, focusing particularly on how developmental modulation of the cytosine-modifying pathway is coupled to active reversal of DNA methylation in diverse biological processes.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/456cc425ea60ed6450d4865d11509f6fa5156776

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In Molecular Biology

In Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

Citations in the corpus

Editing DNA methylation in the mammalian genome (2016, neutral): “Because the neurons were post-mitotic, the dCas9-Tet1-mediated demethylation of the promoter sequences was likely the result of active demethylation as has been proposed previously (Wu and Zhang, 2014).”
DNA methylation aging clocks: challenges and recommendations (2019, background): “Additionally, neuronal cells have revealed high post-mitotic expression of DNMTs and TETs [61, 94], and there are, furthermore, higher levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in the brain [61].”