Balancing Selection and Its Effects on Sequences in Nearby Genome Regions

By D. Charlesworth. PLoS Genetics, 2006

675 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Our understanding of balancing selection is currently becoming greatly clarified by new sequence data being gathered from genes in which polymorphisms are known to be maintained by selection. The data can be interpreted in conjunction with results from population genetics models that include recombination between selected sites and nearby neutral marker variants. This understanding is making possible tests for balancing selection using molecular evolutionary approaches. Such tests do not necessarily require knowledge of the functional types of the different alleles at a locus, but such information, as well as information about the geographic distribution of alleles and markers near the genes, can potentially help towards understanding what form of balancing selection is acting, and how long alleles have been maintained.

Subfields: Genetics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4b2becc1eb813c1b99d6dd6b7638dced6da63c02

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In Genetics

Citations in the corpus

Search for nucleotide diversity patterns of local adaptation in dehydrins and other cold-related candidate genes in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) (2008, background): “…of nucleotide variation potentially related to the action of balancing selection have been reported at the homolog of dhn9 in P. pinaster (Eveno et al. 2008), at other loci in conifers (González-Martínez et al. 2006a; Ma et al. 2006; Pot et al. 2005), and other organisms (Charlesworth 2006).”
Reanalysis suggests that genomic islands of speciation are due to reduced diversity, not reduced gene flow (2014, background): “Below, we discuss what we consider to be key features – or important caveats – in interpreting patterns of sequence evolution in each of the systems re-analysed here.”
RADSeq: next-generation population genetics. (2010, background): “This region contains orthologues of genes implicated in pathogen resistance (ZEB1, APOL), inflammation pathways (LTB4R, CEBPD) and innate immune response (TRIM14, TRIM35), all systems likely to be under balancing selection by Red Queen dynamics [12, 13].”
Most rare missense alleles are deleterious in humans: implications for complex disease and association studies. (2007, background): “Yet another mechanism, balancing selection, can also maintain deleterious mutations in a population if heterozygous individuals have a strong evolutionary advantage.(8) A classic example of this mechanism is the hemoglobin mutation that is protective against malaria in a heterozygote state and simul”
New Insights on Heterostyly: Comparative Biology, Ecology and Genetics (2008, background): “For genes less tightly linked, infrequent recombination over evolutionary time will erode this diversity (Charlesworth 2006).”
The genetics of inbreeding depression (2009, background): “If the homozygotes for a new allele confer a selective disadvantage, this will not prevent the spread of the allele to intermediate frequencie”
Blood ties: ABO is a trans-species polymorphism in primates (2012, neutral): “The authors note the following: “The genus nameLamiasaurus, which we proposed for a new lizard from the Late Cretaceous of Wyoming, is preoccupied by Lamiasaurus Watson 1914 (1), a tapinocephalid therapsid from the Permian ofAfrica.”