Mitochondrial defects and oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease

By M. H. Yan, Xinglong Wang, Xiongwei Zhu. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 2012

687 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) are the two most common age-related neurodegenerative diseases characterized by prominent neurodegeneration in selective neural systems. Although a small fraction of AD and PD cases exhibit evidence of heritability, among which many genes have been identified, the majority are sporadic without known causes. Molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration and pathogenesis of these diseases remain elusive. Convincing evidence demonstrates oxidative stress as a prominent feature in AD and PD and links oxidative stress to the development of neuronal death and neural dysfunction, which suggests a key pathogenic role for oxidative stress in both AD and PD. Notably, mitochondrial dysfunction is also a prominent feature in these diseases, which is likely to be of critical importance in the genesis and amplification of reactive oxygen species and the pathophysiology of these diseases. In this review, we focus on changes in mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial dynamics, two aspects critical to the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and function, in relationship with oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of AD and PD.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Neurology, Physiology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3eac2a0b3ee29259b035f7ecd9fa53d32b15a752

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Molecular Biology

1. A. Dinkova-Kostova
2. J. Hayes
3. Lauren E Tebay
4. Steve Vitale
5. Trevor M. Penning
6. S. Durant
7. H. Robertson
8. Masayuki Yamamoto

In Neurology

1. A. Dinkova-Kostova
2. L. Zuo
3. Zewen Liu
4. Tingyang Zhou

In Physiology

1. A. Dinkova-Kostova
2. L. Zuo
3. Zewen Liu
4. J. Hayes
5. P. Dimitrion
6. Alexander C Ziegler
7. Tingyang Zhou

Citations in the corpus

• Mechanisms of activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 by redox stressors, nutrient cues, and energy status and the pathways through which it attenuates degenerative disease (2015, positive): “Oxidative stress is thought to contribute to many degenerative pathologies, including cancer, chronic inflammation, diabetes mellitus (DM), Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson disease [19, 20].”
• The Role of Oxidative Stress in Parkinson’s Disease (2013, neutral): “chondrial level [44, 45].”
• Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications (2017, background): “Failures from those antioxidant treatments should provide future guidance for using combination therapies targeting mitochondrial function enhancement and blocking ROS generation to PD patients [110].”