Danger signals: SOS to the immune system.

By S. Gallucci, P. Matzinger. Current Opinion in Immunology, 2001

1,344 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Immunology, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3dc1170b0b53b86652ebf3068f84e00580d429f7

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In Immunology

1. Shizuo Akira
2. K. Takeda
3. T. Kaisho
4. C. Reis e Sousa
5. M. Smyth
6. R. Medzhitov
7. H. Hammad
8. R. Spörri

In Molecular Biology

1. Shizuo Akira
2. Jan Born
3. DM Mosser
4. X. Zhang
5. Luciana Besedovsky
6. M. Smyth
7. K. Takeda
8. T. Lange

Citations in the corpus

• Inflammatory mediators are insufficient for full dendritic cell activation and promote expansion of CD4+ T cell populations lacking helper function (2005, background): “Therefore, APCs may use inflammation to sense the presence of dange”
• Toll-like receptors. (2003, background): “These signals are recognized by macrophages and dendritic cells and thereby initiate immune responses (57).”
• The tumor microenvironment and its role in promoting tumor growth (2008, background): “This is probably because most tumor-associated antigens are considered ‘self,’ in contrast to infections with bacteria or viruses which are viewed by the host as ‘danger signals’ (Gallucci and Matzinger, 2001).”
• Macrophage activation by endogenous danger signals (2008, background): “In addition to the exogenous danger signals that can be introduced into the body, the immune system can also sense distress cues released from damaged or stressed tissue [49].”
• A fresh look at tumor immunosurveillance and immunotherapy (2001, background): “Example of such signals may include cytokines or heat shock proteins (HSPs) expressed by cells undergoing damage and necrotic deat”
• International Consensus on drug allergy (2014, background): “To develop an effective immune response, the innate immune system needs to be activated, providing important maturation signals, often referred to as ‘danger signals’ (36) which include direct drug or diseaserelated stress.”
• Sleep and immune function (2011, background): “Pro-inflammatory cytokines in turn exert a positive feedback acting themselves as danger signals and, thus, eventually support the initiation of adaptive immune responses [47].”
• Extracellular ATP triggers and maintains asthmatic airway inflammation by activating dendritic cells (2007, background): “The adjuvant properties of ATPγS are in keeping with the hypothesis that extracellular nucleotides function as danger signals that alert the immune system to tissue damag”
• The P2X7 Receptor: A Key Player in IL-1 Processing and Release1 (2006, background): “There is increasing awareness that stressed cells release soluble signals (danger signals) that activate the immune system (7).”
• Inflammatory signals in dendritic cell activation and the induction of adaptive immunity (2009, background): “In a model in which inflammatory mediators are sufficient for DC activation, PRR expression by DCs would be redundant for coupling innate and adaptive immunity, and infected tissues would serve as the ultimate controllers of adaptive immunity (17, 26, 27).”