Effects of targeted delivery of propionate to the human colon on appetite regulation, body weight maintenance and adiposity in overweight adults
By E. Chambers, A. Viardot, A. Psichas, D. Morrison, K. Murphy, S. Zac-Varghese, K. Macdougall, T. Preston, Catriona Tedford, G. Finlayson and 12 more. Gut, 2014
1,247 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Objective The colonic microbiota ferment dietary fibres, producing short chain fatty acids. Recent evidence suggests that the short chain fatty acid propionate may play an important role in appetite regulation. We hypothesised that colonic delivery of propionate would increase peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in humans, and reduce energy intake and weight gain in overweight adults. Design To investigate whether propionate promotes PYY and GLP-1 secretion, a primary cultured human colonic cell model was developed. To deliver propionate specifically to the colon, we developed a novel inulin-propionate ester. An acute randomised, controlled cross-over study was used to assess the effects of this inulin-propionate ester on energy intake and plasma PYY and GLP-1 concentrations. The long-term effects of inulin-propionate ester on weight gain were subsequently assessed in a randomised, controlled 24-week study involving 60 overweight adults. Results Propionate significantly stimulated the release of PYY and GLP-1 from human colonic cells. Acute ingestion of 10 g inulin-propionate ester significantly increased postprandial plasma PYY and GLP-1 and reduced energy intake. Over 24 weeks, 10 g/day inulin-propionate ester supplementation significantly reduced weight gain, intra-abdominal adipose tissue distribution, intrahepatocellular lipid content and prevented the deterioration in insulin sensitivity observed in the inulin-control group. Conclusions These data demonstrate for the first time that increasing colonic propionate prevents weight gain in overweight adult humans. Trial registration number NCT00750438.
Subfields: Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3db593fe95c34ee683708c4ec426eb3e791887c4
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Citations in the corpus
- Dietary Gut Microbial Metabolites, Short-chain Fatty Acids, and Host Metabolic Regulation (2015, background): “Inulin-propionate ester administrated at 10 g per day over a period of 24 weeks significantly reduced weight gain, intra-abdominal adipose tissue distribution and intrahepatocellular lipid content, and improved insulin resistance in the inulin control group [29].”
- Short‐chain fatty acids: microbial metabolites that alleviate stress‐induced brain–gut axis alterations (2018, background): “serotonin) (Chambers et al., 2015; Reigstad et al., 2015), and the induction of vagus nerve signaling (De Vadder et al.”
- Gut Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids: Implications in Glucose Homeostasis (2022, background): “with increased GLP-1 and PYY and reduced food intake [128,129].”
- Formation of short chain fatty acids by the gut microbiota and their impact on human metabolism (2016, background): “Recent work has also demonstrated that propionate alone is able to reduce visceral fat and liver fat.(47) Increased circulating SCFA are associated with reduced adipocyte lipolysis and adipogenesis.”
- Free Fatty Acid Receptors in Health and Disease. (2020, background): “Because SCFA-rich diets show improved metabolic function in mice and humans, a direct causal relationship between fermentation of dietary fibers and SCFAs has been established (46, 90, 160).”
- Gut Microbiota in Cardiovascular Health and Disease (2017, background): “ing calorie intake at a buffet meal, resulting in a significant reduction in weight gain after a long-term supplementation.(105)”
- Short chain fatty acids in human gut and metabolic health. (2020, positive): “Chambers et al. (2015) demonstrated that propionate supplementation to human subjects protected against weight gain as part of a habitual diet.”