Behavioral cues to others’ motivation and goal pursuits: The perception of effort facilitates goal inference and contagion

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When competition merges people's behavior: Interdependency activates shared action representations (2010, background): “…(as compared to independency) increase our mimicking behavior (van Baaren, Maddux, Chartrand, de Bouter, & van Knippenberg, 2003) and that interdependency between people increases their tendency to infer and copy the other person's goals (Dik & Aarts, 2007; Loersch, Aarts, Payne, & Jeffris, 2008).”
Goal Priming and the Affective-Motivational Route to Nonconscious Goal Pursuit (2008, background): “In addition, there is research to suggest that goal pursuit is automatically triggered when goals are inferred from the behavior of others, a process termed goal contagion (Aarts, Gollwitzer, Hassin, 2004; Dik & Aarts, 2007).”
The antecedents and consequences of human behavioral mimicry. (2013, background): “Subsequent work on goal contagion has found that it is moderated by consistency with chronic motives, perception of effort, group membership, and goal strength (Aarts et al. 2005, Dik & Aarts 2007, Leander et al. 2011b, Loersch et al. 2008).”
Health and goal-directed behavior: The nonconscious regulation and motivation of goals and their pursuit (2007, background): “There is research to suggest that goal pursuit is automatically triggered when goals are inferred from the behavior of others, an effect termed goal contagion (Aarts, Gollwitzer, & Hassin, 2004 ; Dik & Aarts, in press ).”