A review of race socialization within Black families

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The Confronting Prejudiced Responses (CPR) Model: Applying CPR in Organizations (2008, background): “Whites, for example, are less likely than Blacks to report teaching their children about discrimination and how to respond when it happens (Hughes et al., 2006; Lesane-Brown, 2006).”
EMBRacing Racial Stress and Trauma: Preliminary Feasibility and Coping Responses of a Racial Socialization Intervention (2018, background): “RS, or the verbal and nonverbal communication between families and youth regarding the importance of race, interactions, and identity (Lesane-Brown, 2006), is most frequently utilized as youth reach adolescence — a time of heightened racial exposure and understanding (Hughes et al., 2006).”
Racial/ethnic socialization for White youth: What we know and future directions (2018, background): “…socialization (e.g., strategies to succeed in mainstream American or the dominant culture), and less frequently, promotion of mistrust (e.g., avoid contact with other groups), as means of communicating knowledge about racial or ethnic issues (Hughes et al., 2006, 2008; Lesane-Brown, 2006).”