Redefining chronic viral infection.

By Herbert W. Virgin, E. Wherry, Rafi Ahmed. Cell, 2009

1,047 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/25055e0be886e57630bf0a115d3cd7f5b6d2008f

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Epidemiology

1. E. Wherry
2. Rob Knight
3. Herbert W. Virgin
4. Ramnik J. Xavier
5. Laura Wegener Parfrey

In Infectious Diseases

1. E. Wherry
2. Rob Knight
3. C. Lauber
4. William Walters
5. Laura Wegener Parfrey

Citations in the corpus

• The microbiota of the respiratory tract: gatekeeper to respiratory health (2017, background): “In serum, there is an estimated daily turnover of more than 10 9 anellovirus particles, which is thought to induce continuous immune surveillance and influence inhabitation by other microorganisms 172 .”
• CD8 T Cell Exhaustion During Chronic Viral Infection and Cancer. (2019, background): “As discussed in Section 2, Tex cells have high and sustained expression of IRs, and the cognate ligands for many of these IRs are upregulated on APCs, tumor cells, and other cells during chronic infections and cancer (49, 213) (Table 1).”
• From Vaccines to Memory and Back (2010, neutral): “In the case of certain chronic viral infections, antigen-specific T and B cells express a variety of inhibitory receptors that result in functional exhaustion of these cells (Barber et al., 2006; Virgin et al., 2009; Wherry et al., 2007).”
• Experimental and analytical tools for studying the human microbiome (2011, background): “, consisting mainly of bacteriophages but also of a substantial number of eukaryotic viruse”
• LAG3 (CD223) as a Cancer Immunotherapy Target (2017, background): “First described in a chronic viral setting, tolerized antigen-specific T cells display elevated expression of IRs within the tumor microenvironment, corresponding to functional unresponsiveness as measured by reduced proliferation and cytokine release (1, 2).”
• The Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Human Health: An Integrative View (2012, neutral): “Most viral sequences currently being identified in mammals are novel, suggesting that we are just beginning to characterize the diversity within the human virome (Breitbart et al., 2008; Haynes and Rohwer, 2011; Virgin et al., 2009).”
• Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age (2015, neutral): “Examples are cytomegalo virus (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Mycobacterium tubercolosis ( Mtb ), but the full list is long and expanding [63].”
• T cell exhaustion (2011, background): “Since then, T cell exhaustion has been demonstrated in a wide variety of animal models and in humans with chronic viral, bacterial and parasitic infections as well as during human cance”
• Immunity, inflammation, and cancer: an eternal fight between good and evil. (2015, neutral): “For instance, during chronic viral infections, viruses are held at bay while avoiding immunopathological damage by immune checkpoints that prevent an overzealous antiviral response (19).”
• Virus-Plus-Susceptibility Gene Interaction Determines Crohn’s Disease Gene Atg16L1 Phenotypes in Intestine (2010, background): “Detection of virus-plus-susceptibility gene interactions in humans may therefore require advances in the capacity to identify viruses present in tissues in an unbiased way, allowing a better understanding of the relationship between the human virome and disease pathogenesis (Virgin et al., 2009).”